Flow chemistry approaches directed at improving chemical synthesis

Baxendale, Ian R.; Brocken, Laurens; Mallia, Carl J.

doi:10.1515/gps-2013-0029

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition, the micromixing mechanism is a core topic in crystallization and other flow chemistry relevant process, which determines the distribution of supersaturation degree, process efficiency and quality of products . The droplet surface area is the limitation, and the diffusion resistance is high .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel hollow fiber membrane‐assisted antisolvent crystallization for enhanced mass transfer process control

et al. 2018

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Herein, a novel hollow fiber membrane‐assisted antisolvent crystallization (MAAC) was proposed to enhance the mass transfer control over the antisolvent crystallization. A polyethersulfone membrane module was introduced as the key device for antisolvent transfer and solution mixing. An antisolvent liquid film layer was formed on the membrane surface and mixed with the solution. The liquid film also prevented the membrane from directly contacting with crystallization solution. By controlling both the shell side flow velocity and the antisolvent transfer, the antisolvent permeation rate achieved sensitive, stable, and accurate control during long‐term and repeated utilization. The interfacial mass transfer rate of MAAC was 0.66 mg cm−2 s−1, which was only 1/50 that of conventional droplet antisolvent crystallization. MAAC also provided crystal products with better morphologies and narrower size distributions than the conventional process. The stable performances of MAAC in terms of its accurate antisolvent mass transfer and antifouling capabilities were also highlighted. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 734–744, 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel hollow fiber membrane‐assisted antisolvent crystallization for enhanced mass transfer process control

et al. 2018

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“…Accordingly, the reaction conditions are uniform, and all molecules pass with the same mean residence time and temperature . Owing to the high surface/volume ratio, MRT offers several advantages over the batch process, including (a) easier temperature and pressure control, (b) more efficient diffusion of molecules, (c) higher reaction rate, (d) higher conversion and selectivity, (e) safer operation, (f) less waste generation, (g) higher product purity, and (h) better reliability and reproducibility , , . Thus, MRT has gained attention from academics as well as the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and research in this area has been increasing exponentially , , , .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microreactor Technology as a Tool for the Synthesis of a Glitazone Drug Intermediate

et al. 2018

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One of the bottlenecks in the pharmaceutical industry is drug production scaleup, which can be performed by microreactor technology. Such an approach was applied to the synthesis of (Z)-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione, a bioactive aromatic heterocyclic compound belonging to the class of glitazones. n-Propanol was the best solvent and piperidine the best catalyst for the batch reaction, which was completed in only 5.5 h. In the microreactor, the productivity was almost independent of solvent. The microreactor behaved as a plug-flow reactor and operated at a steady state for ten hours without efficiency loss. The results suggest that microreactors may replace batch reactors in scaling up drug production.

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“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Additional aspects of enhanced safety and the flexibility to conduct multi-step syntheses through integrated processing sequences leading to more complex chemical architectures are also advantageous. 17,18 It should however be acknowledged that flow chemistry also has some drawbacks. The key issues are often associated with high investment costs in both equipment and training; difficulties in compensating for varying kinetics, dilution effects and the compatibility of the potentially different solvents in continuous multistep sequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%