Field trials to evaluate the efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) and Caligus elongatus Nordmann, infestations in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

Stone, J; Sutherland, I. H.; Sommerville, Christina; Richards, R. H.; Varma, K. J.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00374-9

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…2b). Thus, the EB treatment effect was a 31.6% intensity reduction over the experiment duration of 8 d. The treatment efficacy (sensu Stone et al 1999Stone et al , 2000 was 42.7%. The decline in intensity was statistically significant in both groups, and treatment and initial intensity had significant negative effects on infestation growth (model r~ Treatment + Initial intensity, p Intercept < 0.001, p Treatment < 0.001, p Initial intensity = 0.025, adj.…”

Section: Infestation Development In Caged Troutmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Reduced sensitivity to EB could potentially be an issue (Igboeli et al 2012), but the skin concentration of EB was much higher than the level typically obtained by oral administration (Skilbrei et al 2008). The treatment efficacy (sensu Stone et al 2000) of 42.7% observed in the present study was also within the ranges of 30−60% that could be expected after a week of oral treatment (Stone et al 1999(Stone et al , 2000. The salinity was not measured at the experiment cage location, but as discussed above (in 'Infestation, swimming depth and distance to the river outlet'), we can reasonably assume that there was a low-salinity layer extending at least 1−2 m downwards.…”

Section: Treatment Effects On Infestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For comparison with earlier studies, the prophylaxis efficacy (Stone et al 1999(Stone et al , 2000 was calculated based on the percentage of surviving lice on individual hosts in the treatment and control groups:…”

Section: Cage Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of salmon lice infection on the behaviour of sea trout in the marine phase

Gjelland¹,

Serra‐Llinares²,

Hedger³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer may affect survival and growth of anadromous salmonids through physiological stress and/or behavioural changes. Using acoustic telemetry tracking, we investigated the behaviour of 30 infected sea trout Salmo trutta throughout the summer in a fjord with very high salmon lice infection pressure. Most of the tracked sea trout adopted a movement pattern expected to suppress salmon lice infestation, as they showed a strong preference for fresh or brackish water, spending most of the time close to a river outlet or even migrating into the river. Highly infested sea trout preferred shallower depths, associated with lower salinity. The fish lost to predation stayed further away from the river outlet than nonpredated fish, and were likely subjected to a stronger infection pressure. Half of the tracked group were treated with a salmon lice prophylaxis, emamectin benzoate. The effect of treatment on infestation was monitored in a separate group held in a sea cage and found to be moderate; the mortality in this group was associated with infestation by motile lice stages. In contrast, treatment was not found to have an effect on tracked fish behaviour. It is likely that some physiological and behavioural responses to high salmon lice infection pressure may be present even after a prophylaxis treatment, in particular when the treatment is given after exposure to salmon lice infection. We conclude that increased salmon lice infection pressure associated with altered salmon farming practice may have the potential to influence the marine behaviour and growth of sea trout.

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Section: Infestation Development In Caged Troutmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Treatment Effects On Infestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of salmon lice infection on the behaviour of sea trout in the marine phase

Gjelland¹,

Serra‐Llinares²,

Hedger³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Temperature can affect the onset of maximum efficacy of emamectin benzoate, e.g. maximum efficacy against Lepeophtheirus salmonis in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar was achieved more rapidly at temperatures of 13.0 to 15.5°C than at temperatures of 7.2 to 8.5°C (Stone et al 2000c). In the present study an average of 31 lice per fish were recorded in Section A and 2.5 lice per fish in Section B at the end of the emamectin benzoate medication period of 7 d, when the water temperatures in Sections A and B were 18.0 and 20.4°C, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura) on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Hakalahti¹,

Lankinen²,

Valtonen³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…One could speculate that we would expect to see overall lower L. salmonis abundance around treatment episodes during the winter months as sea lice levels in New Brunswick tend to be lowest throughout the winter (Chang et al 2011). However, time to maximum treatment effect may be delayed in winter, as was shown in an efficacy study on ema mectin benzoate that found treatments applied during colder months took longer to reach maximum effect (Stone et al 2000c). In comparison, Lees et al (2008a) found some seasonal variations in the Scottish data in posttreatment levels in which treatments applied during winter (November to January) and spring (February to April) had higher abundance of L. salmonis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effectiveness of emamectin benzoate for treatment of Lepeophtheirus salmonis on farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in the Bay of Fundy, Canada

Jones¹,

Hammell²,

Dohoo³

et al. 2012

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Emamectin benzoate (an avermectin chemotherapeutant administered to fish as an in-feed treatment) has been used to treat infestations of sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis on farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada, since 1999. This retrospective study examined the effectiveness of 114 emamectin benzoate treatment episodes from 2004 to 2008 across 54 farms. Study objectives were to establish whether changes in the effectiveness of emamectin benzoate were present for this period, examine factors associated with treatment outcome, and determine variables that influenced differences in L. salmonis abundance after treatment. The analysis was carried out in 2 parts: first, trends in treatment effectiveness and L. salmonis abundance were explored, and second, statistical modelling (linear and logistic regression) was used to examine the effects of multiple variables on post-treatment abundance and treatment outcome. Post-treatment sea lice abundance increased in the later years examined. Mean abundance differed between locations in the Bay of Fundy, and higher numbers were found at farms closer to the mainland and lower levels were found in the areas around Grand Manan Island. Treatment effectiveness varied by geographical region and decreased over time. There was an increased risk for unsuccessful treatments in 2008, and treatments applied during autumn months were more likely to be ineffective than those applied during summer months.

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Field trials to evaluate the efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) and Caligus elongatus Nordmann, infestations in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

Cited by 67 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of salmon lice infection on the behaviour of sea trout in the marine phase

Effects of salmon lice infection on the behaviour of sea trout in the marine phase

Efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura) on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Effectiveness of emamectin benzoate for treatment of Lepeophtheirus salmonis on farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in the Bay of Fundy, Canada

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