Efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura) on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Hakalahti, T.; Lankinen, Y.; Valtonen, E. T.

doi:10.3354/dao060197

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…life, a clear slip in Argulus presence was clearly notable (Fig. 3a), whereas the treatment exposure in fish farm might explain the drop in Argulus intensity (Hakalahti-Sirén et al 2004;Bandilla et al 2005). This phenomenon was noted only in the medicated fish farms and some other farms were under drying process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Freshwater abiotic components’ impact on the viability of fish lice, Argulus sp., in Guangdong province, China

Alsarakibi

Wadeh

2012

Parasitol Res

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Parasite intensity dynamics can be strongly affected by ecosystem abiotic components. We conducted this study to investigate how the intensity of Argulus sp. is influenced by physicochemical factors in three water bodies - river, fish farm, and reservoir - and to find the occurrence of Argulus sp. under different conditions. Argulus sp. specimens were collected using different methods - gill-netting 30 × 1.5 m, 40 mm mesh monofilament net and set from a small boat, beach seining and plankton net - from July 2010 until Jun 2011 at Guangdong province, China. Main water parameters taken for the assessment consisting of temperature, pH, DO, biochemical oxygen demand of 5 days (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH (4) (+) , total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The results show that the ratio of female to male Argulus sp. during the studied period was 2.3:1. The presence and intensity of Argulus sp. were temperature-dependent and variable; pH values were lower than standers with high intensity of Argulus sp. Argulus sp. has the ability to live in low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Relatively high concentrations of BOD5, COD, NH (4) (+) , TN and TP were detected with related variable intensity of Argulus sp., which is supposed to be a freshwater fish ectoparasite found in polluted ecosystems. It is concluded that the fish ectoparasite Argulus sp. have a strong potency of genetic adaptation impacted by environmental factors. However, this needs further study in order to gain insight into the question of the likelihood of adaptation to abiotic factors' variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Freshwater abiotic components’ impact on the viability of fish lice, Argulus sp., in Guangdong province, China

Alsarakibi

Wadeh

2012

Parasitol Res

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“…Kabata 1985, Hakalahti et al 2004a, Toksen 2006. The harmful effect of organophosphates to the environment is now widely recog- nized, and many countries prohibit their use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some fish farmers in Finland have used the in-feed medication SLICE ® to reduce Argulus levels (Hakalahti et al 2004a). Simulations of a recent population dynamic model of A. coregoni, however, show that the parasite 'egg-bank' consisting of eggs with variable timings of emergence over several years (see Hakalahti et al 2004c) acts as an effective buffer against such control practises (Fenton et al 2006).…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the in-feed medication SLICE ® (emamectin benzoate; Schering-Plough Animal Health) has been used to control many crustaceans, e.g. Lepeoptheirus salmonis in seawater aquaculture, Salmincola edwardsii and Argulus coregoni in freshwater aquaculture (Stone et al 2000, Duston & Cusack 2002, Hakalahti et al 2004a. Alternative methods are, for example, fallowing farm sites between stockings (Bron et al 1993), use of cleaner fishes (Treasurer 2002) and removal of specific life-cycle stages from the parasite populations (Gault et al 2002, Hakalahti et al 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, use of the in-feed treatment formulation SLICE ® (in which emamectin benzoate is the active ingredient) is becoming more widespread. It has proven a very effective way to eliminate A. coregoni attached to fish (Hakalahti et al 2004a), but its long-term usefulness is unknown due to a potential for tolerance development. Therefore, the medicine should only be used in response to heavy infestations after other types of controls have failed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Control of freshwater fish louse Argulus coregoni: a step towards an integrated management strategy

Hakalahti-Sirén

Mikheev²,

Valtonen³

2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Harmful infections by ectoparasites of the genus Argulus occur repeatedly in freshwater fish farming operations where the management has largely been ineffective. Preventative methods and regular monitoring are rarely applied, so that chemical interventions become necessary. According to the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, a sustainable management or control program for a parasite should be based on knowledge of the ecology of the parasite along with adoption of several prevention and control methods, the application of which is dependent upon the prevailing infection level. The application of multiple management tactics is especially important because parasites can develop resistance to chemical treatments. We took a step towards sustainable management of Argulus populations and tested the effect of several types of treatments on survival of A. coregoni at different stages in its life cycle. Parasite juveniles and adults were highly sensitive to potassium permanganate treatments (0.01 g l -1), which lead to 100% mortality, whereas treatments with formalin (0.6 ml l ) or malachite-green/formalin were not effective. Mechanical treatment by shaking infected fish in a hand net was an effective means of detaching parasites from the fish, and resulted in > 80% decreases in parasite numbers. Compared to eggs in control treatments, both drying over a minimum period of 24 h and formalin treatments (120 ml l ), did not significantly affect the viability of eggs. Based on the present results and previously published papers, we present an initial framework showing how A. coregoni populations could be managed effectively. KEY WORDS: Integrated pest management · IPM · Control · Prevention · Parasite · Argulus coregoni · Fish louse Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 82: [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] 2008 sive or both, and do not always prevent economic losses. The majority of management protocols have relied on the use of chemicals either as oral medications or bath treatments (e.g. Costello 1993Costello , 2006. For example, the in-feed medication SLICE ® (emamectin benzoate; Schering-Plough Animal Health) has been used to control many crustaceans, e.g. Lepeoptheirus salmonis in seawater aquaculture, Salmincola edwardsii and Argulus coregoni in freshwater aquaculture (Stone et al. 2000, Duston & Cusack 2002, Hakalahti et al. 2004a. Alternative methods are, for example, fallowing farm sites between stockings (Bron et al. 1993), use of cleaner fishes (Treasurer 2002) and removal of specific life-cycle stages from the parasite populations (Gault et al. 2002, Hakalahti et al. 2004b). The emergence of reduced sensitivity to chemical treatments with increased doses applied to control parasites, however, has lead to concerns about the sustainability of the industry (e.g. Jones et al. 1992), and consequently to the adoption of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept into aquaculture (e.g. Sommerville 1998, Mordue (Luntz) & Pike 2002)....

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Fish Disease

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Efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura) on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Cited by 46 publications

References 23 publications

Freshwater abiotic components’ impact on the viability of fish lice, Argulus sp., in Guangdong province, China

Freshwater abiotic components’ impact on the viability of fish lice, Argulus sp., in Guangdong province, China

Control of freshwater fish louse Argulus coregoni: a step towards an integrated management strategy

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