Features of C-reactive protein in COVID-19 patients with different ages, clinical types and outcomes: a cohort study

Abstract

Background: To characterize C-reactive protein (CRP) changes features from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to quantify the correlation between CRP value and clinical classification. Methods: This was a bidirectional observational cohort study. All laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital were included. Patients' general information, clinical type, CRP value and outcome were collected. Patients were grouped according to the age, clinical type and outcome, and their CRP were compared. The CRP value, age gender, and clinical type were used to build a categorical regression model to investigate the association between CRP and clinical type. Results: The 131 patients aged 50.13 plus-or-minus 17.13 years old. There were 4 mild, 88 moderate, 21 severe and 18 critical cases. Statistical significance of CRP median exists between different clinical types and ages. There were 10 deaths and 121 cases have been discharged. The CRP in death group dramatically increased continuously until died, while increased firstly and decreased later in the survivor and survivor in critical type. The categorical regression model also showed that CRP and age had significant coefficient. During the first 15 days from symptom onset, the maximum of CRP ranged between 0.47-53.37 mg/L were related to mild combined with moderate type, ranged 53.84-107.08 mg/L were related to severe type, and 107.42-150.00 mg/L were related to the critical type. Conclusions: CRP showed different distribution feature and existed differences in various ages, clinical types and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. The features corresponded with disease progression.

Association of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer concentration on the severity of COVID-19 cases with or without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Antibodies were detected in large concentrations in female’s bloodstream and these antibodies stay longer in females than in males [ 83 ]. Pearson correlation analysis observed a positive correlation between the CRP, D-Dimer and age of COVID-19 diabetic and non-diabetic patients which showed similarities with Qu et al [ 84 ], and Zhao et al [ 85 ]. The author also stated that more serious conditions had a higher value of CRP and D-Dimer, as well as a longer disease-elevating time, a faster rate of increase, and a slower recovery and the inflammatory reaction was more intense as people became older.…”

Retracted: Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Severe Disease Progression among COVID‐19 Patients In Wad Medani Isolation Centers: A Multicenter Retrospective Cross‐Sectional Study

“…According to research, 16,51 D‐dimer levels of more than 1 mg/L are associated with a bad outcome in COVID‐19 patients. CRP and D‐dimer have both been linked to a shorter recovery and an increased inflammatory response, particularly as people get older 52,53 . The total mortality rate was 35.4% (n = 148), with 42.3% (n = 118) among patients with severe disease, 34.6% (n = 27) among those with intermediate disease, and 4.9% (n = 3) among those with mild disease ( P value 0.001).…”

The effect of remdesivir on selective biomarkers and its value in predicting the clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19

“…15 Similarly, a study of 131 patients showed persistently rising values of CRP was associated with higher levels of mortality among COVID-19 patients. 16 D-dimer, formed by the activation of the plasmin enzyme, indicates the presence of broken-down fibrin in the bloodstream and represents the activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. 17 Studies have indicated that higher levels of D-dimer were associated with more severe disease due to various reasons like increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thrombosis leading to venous thromboembolism and severe sepsis which leads to increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and excessive fibrinolysis.…”