Factor analysis and scale revision.

Abstract

This article reviews methodological issues that arise in the application of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to scale revision and refinement. The authors begin by discussing how the appropriate use of EFA in scale revision is influenced by both the hierarchical nature of psychological constructs and the motivations underlying the revision. Then they specifically address (a) important issues that arise prior to data collection (e.g., selecting an appropriate sample), (b) technical aspects of factor analysis (e.g., determining the number of factors to retain), and (c) procedures used to evaluate the outcome of the scale revision (e.g., determining whether the new measure functions equivalently for different populations).

Comparando Indicadores Psicométricos de Duas Versões Brasileiras do Social Skills Rating System : Uma Revisão da Literatura

“…O estudo inicial de validação de construto (Bandeira et al, 2009), apesar de ter produzido resultados satisfatórios quanto à porcentagem de variância explicada das escalas (variando de 40% a 62%) e itens com cargas fatoriais adequadas (maiores que 0,40), usou a Análise de Componentes Principais que, segundo alguns autores, pode não ser o método mais recomendável para a validação de construto de instrumentos psicológi-cos (Pérez & Medrano, 2010;Reise, Waller, & Comrey, 2000;Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007).…”

“…Nesse método, somente a variância que cada variável observada compartilha com as outras é disponibilizada na análise, sendo excluídas a variância específica e a variância de erro (Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007). De acordo com Reise et al (2000), na Análise Fatorial Exploratória, os fatores podem ser considerados como as "causas" hipotéticas das correlações entre as variáveis e não apenas como um resumo delas, como acontece na Análise de Componentes Principais. Por isso mesmo, o uso desse método inviabilizaria a análise fatorial confirmatória para novas amostras, um processo reconhecidamente importante de validação dos testes psicológicos (Marôco, 2010 …”

Age, gender, mileage and the DBQ: The validity of the Driver Behavior Questionnaire in different driver groups

“…When applying PCA, loadings become higher than in PAF because of higher communality estimates (Russell, 2002). The PCA has been the most common method in the DBQ literature; which is somewhat peculiar since the literature in the field of factor analysis generally recommends PAF over PCA (Reise et al, 2000;Russell, 2002;Widaman, 1993).…”

Validity and reliability of the Inductive Reasoning Test for Children - IRTC

“…Also employed was the division of the eigenvalues of the first factor for the second, whose values higher than 5 indicate the onedimensional structure (Hattie, 1985). In addition to these criteria, in each extraction, we examined the correspondence of groups of items with the model from the items with factor loading greater than .30 on each factor (Reise, Waller, & Comrey, 2000). Together these criteria suggested a correlated two-factor solution, and not four factors, for the two forms of the instrument.…”