F-2(Zearalenone) Estrogenic Mycotoxin from Fusarium

Mirocha, C. J.; Çhristensen, C. M.; Nelson, G. H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-046507-1.50010-0

Cited by 69 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Produced by P. oxalicum, it is part of the secalonic acid family and is teratogenic in mice (112). Zearalenone has been found in dust and aerosols and may cause infertility and fetal malformations in domestic animals through estrogenic effects discussed above (69,211,272). OA may cause fetal death, as well as uterohemorrhagic effects, in rats (211, 400).…”

Section: Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Mold, Toxigenic Fungi, andStachybotrys chartarum: Infectious Disease Perspective

2003

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Damp buildings often have a moldy smell or obvious mold growth; some molds are human pathogens. This has caused concern regarding health effects of moldy indoor environments and has resulted in many studies of moisture- and mold-damaged buildings. Recently, there have been reports of severe illness as a result of indoor mold exposure, particularly due to Stachybotrys chartarum. While many authors describe a direct relationship between fungal contamination and illness, close examination of the literature reveals a confusing picture. Here, we review the evidence regarding indoor mold exposure and mycotoxicosis, with an emphasis on S. chartarum. We also examine possible end-organ effects, including pulmonary, immunologic, neurologic, and oncologic disorders. We discuss the Cleveland infant idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage reports in detail, since they provided important impetus for concerns about Stachybotrys. Some valid concerns exist regarding the relationship between indoor mold exposure and human disease. Review of the literature reveals certain fungus-disease associations in humans, including ergotism (Claviceps species), alimentary toxic aleukia (Fusarium), and liver disease (Aspergillys). While many papers suggest a similar relationship between Stachybotrys and human disease, the studies nearly uniformly suffer from significant methodological flaws, making their findings inconclusive. As a result, we have not found well-substantiated supportive evidence of serious illness due to Stachybotrys exposure in the contemporary environment. To address issues of indoor mold-related illness, there is an urgent need for studies using objective markers of illness, relevant animal models, proper epidemiologic techniques, and examination of confounding factors

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Section: Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Mold, Toxigenic Fungi, andStachybotrys chartarum: Infectious Disease Perspective

2003

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“…Swine is the animal species most susceptible to the toxic effects of zearalenone and atrazine, in which these agents cause vulvovaginitis with persistent estrus, possible vaginal and rectal prolapse, and abortion in pregnant animals (Mirocha et al, 1971;Chang et al, 1979;Blaney et al, 1984). Atrazine, on the other hand, induces anestrus, as it was found to significantly increase the concentration of progesterone and decrease the concentration of 17β-estradiol in serum when given in feed in a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in serum concentration of 17 beta-estradiol in female rats during estrous cycle after treatment with atrazine and zearalenone

Mitak¹,

Gojmerac²,

Mandić³

et al. 2001

Vet. Med.

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A daily dose of 14 mg atrazine and 2.5 mg zearalenone, given p.o. during 5 days of estrous cycle to female rats, changed their estrous cycle in comparison with control animals. On day –1 of expected estrus, a significantly lower (p < 0.05) concentration of 17b-estradiol compared with the control group was recorded in all experimental groups of animals. In the group of animals administered zearalenone, the concentration of 17b-estradiol on the day of expected estrus was significantly higher (p < 0.05). In the group administered a combination of atrazine and zearalenone, the concentration of 17b-estradiol on the day after expected estrus was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the control group. In the group of animals receiving atrazine, complete absence of the onset of estrous cycle was recorded, whereas in the group given zearalenone the onset of estrous cycle was delayed by 24 hours. The combination of atrazine and zearalenone induced similar effects as atrazine, however, with the onset of estrous cycle being delayed by 48 hours. Neither of these two groups of animals reached the level of 17b-estradiol recorded in the control group.

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“…is quite common in this climate zone, ranging from 20% (Munk and Topolko, 1978;Mitak et al, 2001) to even 82% (Kralj et al, 1988), depending on weather conditions. Zearalenone induces characteristic changes, mainly in swine, which are known as the vulvovaginitis syndrome followed by a continuous estrus (Mirocha et al, 1971;Chang et al, 1979;Blaney et al, 1984;Glavits and Vanyi, 1995), and reproduction impairments caused by lower concentrations of zearalenone (Kordic et al, 1992;Vanyi et al, 1994). The physiological activity of zearalenone and its derivatives can be explained by their competition with 17β-estradiol for the specific receptor binding site and interference with steroid enzymes (Kiang et al, 1978;Boyd and Witliff, 1978;Kiessling and Petterson, 1978;Thouvenot and Morfin, 1980;Olsen et al, 1981Olsen et al, , 1985.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of atrazine and zearalenone on the numer of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in the rat uterus cytosol

Mitak¹,

Gojmerac²,

Cvrtila³

et al. 2002

Vet. Med.

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The effect of a daily dose of 14 mg atrazine and/or 2.5 mg zearalenone that were administered to rats during 5 days of estrous cycle on the number of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in uterine cytosol was investigated. Comparison with a control group of animals showed no effect of atrazine influence on the number of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in the rat uterine cytosol until day 6 of the experiment, when a significantly lower value was recorded (P < 0.05). In the group of animals administered zearalenone, a decline in the number of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in uterine cytosol was observed. On day 4 of the experiment, the number of binding sites was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in this group than in the control group of animals, whereafter it gradually decreased to a significantly lower value (P < 0.05) as compared to the control group on day 6. In the group of animals administered a mixture of atrazine and zearalenone, the number of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in uterine cytosol did not decrease but showed a similar pattern as in the control group of animals, however, at a statistically significantly (P < 0.05) higher level.

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F-2(Zearalenone) Estrogenic Mycotoxin from Fusarium

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Indoor Mold, Toxigenic Fungi, andStachybotrys chartarum: Infectious Disease Perspective

Indoor Mold, Toxigenic Fungi, andStachybotrys chartarum: Infectious Disease Perspective

Changes in serum concentration of 17 beta-estradiol in female rats during estrous cycle after treatment with atrazine and zearalenone

Effect of atrazine and zearalenone on the numer of receptor binding sites for 3H-estradiol in the rat uterus cytosol

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