Eye problems in children with hearing impairment

Abstract

PurposeTo compare the prevalence of refractive errors, amblyopia, and strabismus between hearing-impaired and normal children (7–22 years old) in Mashhad.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, cases were selected from hearing-impaired children in Mashhad. The control group consisted of children with no hearing problem. The sampling was done utilizing the cluster sampling method. All of the samples underwent refraction, cover test, and visual examinations.Results254 children in the hearing-impaired group (case) and 506 children in the control group were assessed. The mean spherical equivalent was 1.7 ± 1.9 D in the case group, which was significantly different from the control group (0.2 ± 1.5) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of hyperopia was 57.15% and 21.5% in deaf and normal children, respectively, but myopia was mostly seen in the control group (5.5% versus 11.9%, P = 0.007). The mean cylinder was 0.65 ± 1.3 D and 0.43 ± 0.62 D in deaf and normal subjects, respectively (P = 0.002). 12.2% of deaf subjects and 1.2% of normal subjects were amblyopic (P < 0.001), and the prevalence of strabismus was 3.1% in the case group and 2.6% in the control group (P = 0.645).ConclusionIn a comparison of children of the same ages, hearing-impaired children have significantly more eye problems; therefore, a possible relation between deafness and eye problems must exist. Paying attention to eye health assessment in hearing-impaired children may help prevent adding eye problems to hearing difficulties.

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“…In our study also there exists a high prevalence of hypermetropia (21.42%). This is consistent with the results of earlier studies conducted on eye problem in children with hearing impairment 7,8 which state that there is an immaturity in the axial length development in patients with congenital sensorineural deafness. Children found to have hypermetropia in our study were prescribed spectacles.…”

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“… 20 2011 Mashhad 2150 6–21 years 1.9 Cluster sampling 5 Ostadi Moghaddam et al. 21 2015 Mashhad 506 7–22 years 1.2 Cluster sampling 6 Yekta et al. 22 2016 Mashhad 3654 4–6 years 0.41 Random multistage cluster sampling 7 Ojaghi et al.…”

“… 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 Several studies in different regions of Iran have also reported the prevalence of amblyopia. 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37…”

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“…perturbação da motricidade, perturbação do espectro do autismo, défice cognitivo, perturbação de hiperatividade e défice de atenção e dificuldades de aprendizagem). 16,23,24,27 A sua prevalência é idêntica qualquer que seja o grau de défice auditivo (DA). 21,23 A realização de testes padronizados para a sua deteção é de extrema importância.…”