The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between interaction and online learning satisfaction, whether this relationship is mediated by academic self-efficacy and student engagement among Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A serial mediation model was developed to examine the proposed relationship. This study employed a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based research design. A sample of 1,504 Chinese university students (Mage=19.89years, SDage=1.93) from five provinces in China completed an online survey questionnaire from December 2020 to January 2021 to respond to questions on demographic characteristics and items to measure the variables in the research model. The partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to assess the measurement model and proposed serial mediation model. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS software version 3.3.2. The results of the measurement model showed good reliability and validity for all constructs. The results of the structural model and hypothesis testing showed that all hypotheses were supported in this study. Particularly, there was a significant positive relationship between interaction and online learning satisfaction (Q1), interaction and academic self-efficacy (Q2), academic self-efficacy and student engagement (Q3), and the student engagement and online learning satisfaction (Q4). In addition, the results showed that academic self-efficacy and student engagement serial mediated the relationship between interaction and online learning satisfaction (Q5). The serial mediation model explained 34.6% of the variance of online learning satisfaction. The findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms that explain students’ online learning satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Universities and policymakers need to make better decisions that ultimately could lead to students’ academic outcomes and achievement.
Aim and Objectives This study aims to test the hypothesis that job satisfaction and organisational commitment might play a mediating roles between workload, quality of supervision, extra‐role behaviour, pay satisfaction and intention to care of patients with COVID‐19. Background Given the high incidence of coronavirus and shortage of nurses in Iranian hospitals, learning about nurses’ intention to care for patients with COVID‐19 is important. Design In this cross‐sectional study, 648 Iranian nurses were surveyed during March 2020. The online questionnaire consisted of two parts. The mediating role was explored for the following: job satisfaction and commitment in the association of workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care. The study adhered to STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies. Results The results of this study show that job satisfaction and organisational commitment mediated the relationship of nurses’ workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care for patients with COVID‐19. Conclusion The results of the study indicate the importance of job satisfaction and organisational commitment as mechanisms that help to understand the association of nurses’ workload, quality of supervisor, extra‐role behaviours and pay satisfaction with the intention to care during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Relevance to clinical practice Hospital managers need to attend to the role of nurses’ job satisfaction and other organisational factors to ensure that they can cope with the challenges of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Objective: The aim of this study was to translate and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) among the Iranian general population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Method: This study was methodological cross-sectional. It was conducted on an Iranian public population from April to July 2020 which was during the COVID-19 pandemic. Construct validity was determined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a total of 500 adults recruited via online data gathering. Reliability was checked through the average inter-item correlation (AIC), Cronbach's alpha, and McDonald's omega. Convergent and divergent validity was determined using Fornell and Larcker's approach.Results: The results showed that the Persian version of IES-R had three factors, including intrusion (six items), avoidance (seven items), and hyperarousal (five items), that explained 59.22% of the total variance of the IES-R. The CFA findings indicated that all goodness-of-fit indices confirmed the model fit. The Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, composite reliability (CR), and maximal reliability were excellent, and the three factors have good convergent validity.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that the Persian version of the IES-R scale is efficient and useful to assess post-traumatic stress disorder among Iran general population in the COVID-19 outbreak.
Purpose This study tested a hypothetical model to evaluate the relationship between job satisfaction, abusive supervision, and psychological ownership with the quality of nursing care. Design and Methods In this cross‐sectional study, a sample of 300 nurses from two public hospitals in Iran was selected. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the measurement model and the proposed structural model. Findings There was a significant negative relationship between abusive supervision with nurses’ job satisfaction and quality of nursing care. A positive relationship between psychological ownership with nurses’ job satisfaction and quality of nursing care was observed. Practice Implications Given the importance of nurses’ job satisfaction, nursing managers can enhance the quality of nursing care by providing a favorable work environment for nurses.
Aim To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of postgraduate nursing student academic satisfaction scale (PNSASS). Design The mixed‐method study was carried out in two phases; (a) item generation by hybrid concept analysis and (b) item reduction by psychometric evaluation of the developed scale. Methods The initial item pool (N = 209) was prepared based on concept analysis results and similar instruments. A total of 402 postgraduate nursing students willingly participated in online data gathering from August 2019 to May 2020. The validity (face, content and construct) and reliability (stability and internal consistency) of the scale were assessed. Results Exploratory factor analysis identified that the scale had four factors which explained 64.80% of the total extracted variance. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit. The reliability of scale was strong to excellent. The results showed that the PNSASS has suitable validity and reliability properties, which can be used to measure the academic satisfaction of postgraduate nursing students.
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