The prevalence of amblyopia in Iran: A systematic review

Chegeni, Maryam; Khanjani, Narges; Rahmatpour, Pardis; Pishkuhi, Mahin Ahmadi; Abdolalian, Nafiseh

doi:10.1016/j.joco.2018.02.003

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…11 The prevalence of amblyopia in Iran was 0.19%-3.9%. 12 The prevalence of amblyopia was found to be 1.1% in young Singaporean-Chinese children.8 A total of 200 students of a school in Lahore, Pakistan, were examined for visual impairments and 3% of them were found to be amblyopic. 13 From different studies it can be observed that prevalence of amblyopia is around 1.09% to 3% of population of any area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi

Fahim¹

2019

BBIJ

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Objective: To know the prevalence and types of strabismus in patients presenting at tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi. Material and Method: This hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at pediatric clinic of Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital during June to August, 2017. Nonprobability purposive sampling was used. All patients diagnosed with strabismus under 6 to 15 years of age either male or female and having no previous history of surgery and also signed the consent form were included. Any Surgery and other eye complications were excluded from study. All ocular examination belongs to strabismus were performed. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: Prevalence of strabismus was found to be 6.2% according to total numbers of patient whereas according to 74 patients (Numbers of Patients found during study), 5.2% of strabismus was found. Most common. 40 (46.0%) age group was 6-9 years. The vast majority of cases were of manifest strabismus and the highest frequency found alternate esotropia 14 (16.1%). The strabismus includes esotropic 40 (45.97%), exotropic 25 (28.73%), third nerve palsies 3 (3.44%), Duane retraction syndrome 1 (1.14%), nystagmus 3(3.44%), amblyopia 3 (3.44%), esophoria 2(2.29%), exophoria 3(3.44%) and psuedostrabismus 7 (8.045%). Conclusion: Prevalence of strabismus was found to be high. The manifest strabismus was more common than latent strabismus. Squint has immediate (Childhood) and long-term (I.e. during adulthood) effects on the life of the children. Timely diagnosis and treatment can improve prognosis and thus quality of life. On the basis of diagnosis alternate exotropia and alternate esotropia was observed in maximum respondence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi

Fahim¹

2019

BBIJ

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“…In Arab countries, the prevalence of amblyopia ranged between 1.3-3.9% in Saudi Arabia, in Jordan the prevalence of amblyopia in fi rst and second grades children aged 6 and 7 years was 2.78% [13], in Egypt it was 1.98% [14]. In other countries like Iran and Turkey, prevalence of amblyopia ranged between 0.19% to 3.6% [15,16].…”

Section:  Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Amblyopia in Primary Schools Students at Nasiriyah City

Джааз,

Сачит,

Фахад

2024

Офтальмология. Восточная Европа

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Введение. Амблиопия часто встречается у детей и является важной социально-экономической проблемой, особенно из-за ее влияния на личную, образовательную и профессиональную жизнь пациентов. Распространенность амблиопии варьируется как на национальном, так и на международном уровне. Цель. Оценить распространенность и возможные факторы риска амблиопии среди детей начальных школ города Насирия. Материалы и методы. Перекрестное исследование проведено в период с марта 2022 г. по июнь 2023 г. в первом и втором семестрах 2022 и 2023 учебных годов в начальных школах города Насирия. Восемь государственных начальных школ (4 для мальчиков и 4 для девочек) были случайным образом выбраны, и в таком же случайном порядке было набрано 480 детей из всех классов этих школ. Официальные согласия получены от местных органов власти, подписаны согласия от родителей или опекунов детей. Данные собраны на основе всей истории болезни и посредством офтальмологического обследования, проведенного специалистом-офтальмологом при содействии профессиональных специалистов и преподавателей. Результаты. Всего в исследование были включены 480 детей обоих полов начальной школы. Возраст колебался от 6 до 14 лет, в среднем – 9 лет. Распространенность амблиопии составила 4,38%. Гиперметропия, близорукость и стигматизм наблюдались у 5,2%, 4% и 2,7% исследуемой группы соответственно. Нарушение остроты зрения имелось у 32,5% детей. Семейный анамнез (амблиопия), ношение очков, нарушения рефракции и аномальная острота зрения были значимым фактором риска развития амблиопии (P<0,05). Выводы. Распространенность амблиопии среди учащихся начальных школ города Насирия составила 4,38%. Основными факторами риска или причинами амблиопии признаны семейный анамнез (амблиопия), ношение очков, аномалии рефракции и аномальная острота зрения. Background. Amblyopia is common in children and is an important socioeconomic problem, particularly due to its impact on patients’ personal, educational and professional lives, there is a variation in the prevalence of amblyopia at both national and international levels. Purpose. To assess the prevalence and possible risk factors of amblyopia among Primary Schools children at Nasiriyah city. Methods. A cross-sectional study carried out during the period from March 2022 to June 2023 at the first and second semesters of the school years 2022 and 2023 at the primary schools of Nasiriyah city. Eight governmental primary schools (4 for boys and 4 for girls) were randomly selected and 480 children were randomly recruited from all school grades and classes of these schools. Official agreements obtained from local authorities and Signed consents obtained from children’s’ parents or guards. Data collected through full history and through ophthalmological examination conducted by specialist ophthalmologist with assistance of professional individuals and teachers. Results. A total of 480 primary school children were included. The age of students ranged between 6 and 14 years with a median of 9 years. Males and females were equally present in the study. Prevalence of amblyopia was 4.38%. Hypermetropia, myopia and stigmatism reported in 5.2%, 4% and 2.7% of the studied group, respectively. Abnormal visual acuity was present in 32.5% of children. Family history of amblyopia, wearing spectacles, refractive errors and abnormal visual acuity were the significant risk factor of amblyopia (P. value <0.05). Conclusions. The prevalence of amblyopia among primary schools’ children in Nasiriyah city was 4.38%. The main risk factors or causes of amblyopia found to be family history of amblyopia, wearing spectacles, refractive abnormalities; and abnormal visual acuity.

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“…Amblyopia is one of the common visual disorders caused by abnormalities in the visual system during early childhood with a prevalence of 3%-5% [1][2][3]. It is mainly shown that the best corrected visual acuity is lower than that of the normal age-matched eye without obvious ocular pathology [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of anisometropic amblyopia treatment efficacy by coupling multiple visual functions via CRITIC algorithm

Zhi

Cai

et al. 2023

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background The evaluation of amblyopia treatment efficacy is essential for amblyopia prevention, control, and rehabilitation. Methods To evaluate the amblyopia treatment efficacy more precisely and quantitatively, this study recorded four visual function examination results, i.e., visual acuity, binocular rivalry balance point, perceptual eye position, and stereopsis before and after amblyopia treatment. Results We found that all these four results had a significant difference between before and after treatment, and the relationship between visual acuity improvement and the difference of BRBP, PEP, and stereoacuity cannot show a fitting correlation regarding the widely used index of visual acuity as the standard of treatment efficacy. By using the Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method, a more comprehensive and quantitative index by coupling the selected four indexes with objective weights was obtained for further training efficacy representation, and the validation dataset also showed a good performance. Conclusions This study proved that our proposed coupling method based on different visual function examination results via the CRITIC algorithm is a potential means to quantify the amblyopia treatment efficacy.

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The prevalence of amblyopia in Iran: A systematic review

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi

Prevalence of Strabismus and its type in Pediatric age group 6-15 years in a tertiary eye care hospital, Karachi

Prevalence of Amblyopia in Primary Schools Students at Nasiriyah City

Quantitative evaluation of anisometropic amblyopia treatment efficacy by coupling multiple visual functions via CRITIC algorithm

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