Exploratory study of the relationship of fat-free mass to speed of brain processing in preterm infants

Pfister, Katie M.; Gray, Heather; Miller, Neely C.; Demerath, Ellen W.; Georgieff, Michael; Ramel, Sara E.

doi:10.1038/pr.2013.138

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A higher protein and energy ratio at days 10 and 21 of life has been reported to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of fat-free mass deficit (22). In addition, a positive effect of protein status on neuronal development has been suggested by Pfister et al (23), who investigated body composition and the visual pathway development of 16 preterm infants born appropriate for gestational age. The authors reported a significant association of shorter visual evoked potential with higher fat-free mass content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Boys who are born preterm show a relative lack of fat-free mass at 5 years of age compared to their peers

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Boys who are born preterm show a relative lack of fat-free mass at 5 years of age compared to their peers

et al. 2014

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“…Recently, Ramel et al [24] showed, in a small cohort of preterm infants, that greater early gains in fat-free mass were associated with improved cognition at 12 months corrected age. Another study showed that, in preterm infants, a lower fat-free mass is associated with a slower neuronal speed of processing at 4 months corrected age, independent of sex and gestational age [25]. Such evidence suggests that fat-free mass could be an ideal biomarker to predict cognitive outcome, but the determination of body composition by air-displacement plethysmography is not routinely accessible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Preterm Infants, Length Growth below Expected Growth during Hospital Stay Predicts Poor Neurodevelopment at 2 Years

et al. 2018

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Background: In preterm infants, neonatal weight growth is associated with neurodevelopmental outcome but is a poor indicator of growth quality. Objective: The aim of this work was to measure the relationship between neonatal length growth and the 2-year neurological outcome in preterm infants. Methods: A total of 2,403 infants enrolled in the LIFT cohort with gestational age less than 34 weeks were studied. Neonatal observed length growth (OLG) was calculated as the change in length Z-score between birth and discharge. Expected length growth (ELG) was estimated based on gestational age, birth weight Z-score, birth length Z-score, gender, and observed neonatal weight growth. The difference between OLG and ELG (∆_OLG-ELG) was calculated as OLG – ELG, and infants were ranked into 3 classes depending on their ∆_OLG-ELG (≤–0.5, –0.49 to 0.49, ≥0.50 Z-score). We explored the relationship between ∆_OLG-ELG and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome (n = 2,036), and, in a subgroup (n = 85), between ∆_OLG-ELG and body composition at discharge. Results: ELG was strongly predicted from the above-mentioned parameters (R² = 0.73, p = 0.001). OLG correlated closely with gestational age (p = 0.001) but ∆_OLG-ELG did not (p = 1.0). OLG was not associated with a 2-year nonoptimal outcome after adjustment for gestational age, but ∆_OLG-ELG ≤–0.5 was; the crude and adjusted odds ratios were 1.63 and 1.56, respectively. ∆_OLG-ELG correlated negatively with fat mass (R² = 0.29, p = 0.006) before and after adjustment for gestational age. Conclusion: ∆_OLG-ELG is a marker of neonatal growth that does not depend on gestational age, and may reflect quality of growth. A ∆_OLG-ELG ≤–0.5 Z-score is associated with a higher risk for 2-year nonoptimal neurodevelopmental outcome.

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“…Indeed, increased adiposity early on may contribute to negative health outcomes later [6], whereas fat-free mass accretion has been positively associated with faster brain processing [7]. Considering the key role played by body composition development in modulating later health outcomes [6], identification of the determinants of body composition may help in tailoring nutritional interventions in infancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Human Milk Modulate Body Composition in Late Preterm Infants at Term-Corrected Age?

et al. 2016

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(1) Background: Late preterm infants account for the majority of preterm births and are at risk of altered body composition. Because body composition modulates later health outcomes and human milk is recommended as the normal method for infant feeding, we sought to investigate whether human milk feeding in early life can modulate body composition development in late preterm infants; (2) Methods: Neonatal, anthropometric and feeding data of 284 late preterm infants were collected. Body composition was evaluated at term-corrected age by air displacement plethysmography. The effect of human milk feeding on fat-free mass and fat mass content was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis; (3) Results: Human milk was fed to 68% of the infants. According to multiple regression analysis, being fed any human milk at discharge and at term-corrected and being fed exclusively human milk at term-corrected age were positively associated with fat-free mass content(β = −47.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −95.7; −0.18; p = 0.049; β = −89.6, 95% CI = −131.5; −47.7; p < 0.0001; β = −104.1, 95% CI = −151.4; −56.7, p < 0.0001); (4) Conclusion: Human milk feeding appears to be associated with fat-free mass deposition in late preterm infants. Healthcare professionals should direct efforts toward promoting and supporting breastfeeding in these vulnerable infants.

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Exploratory study of the relationship of fat-free mass to speed of brain processing in preterm infants

Cited by 60 publications

References 36 publications

Boys who are born preterm show a relative lack of fat-free mass at 5 years of age compared to their peers

Boys who are born preterm show a relative lack of fat-free mass at 5 years of age compared to their peers

In Preterm Infants, Length Growth below Expected Growth during Hospital Stay Predicts Poor Neurodevelopment at 2 Years

Does Human Milk Modulate Body Composition in Late Preterm Infants at Term-Corrected Age?

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