Does Human Milk Modulate Body Composition in Late Preterm Infants at Term-Corrected Age?

Giannì, Maria Lorella; Consonni, Dario; Liotto, Nadia; Roggero, Paola; Morlacchi, Laura; Piemontese, Pasqua; Menis, Camilla; Mosca, Fabio

doi:10.3390/nu8100664

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Increasing evidence has demonstrated that greater fat-free mass deposition is associated with an improved neurodevelopmental outcome ( 25 ). A study conducted at our center demonstrated that human milk feeding is positively associated with fat-free mass deposition in late preterm infants ( 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Human Milk on Modulating the Quality of Growth in Preterm Infants

et al. 2018

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Introduction: Human milk is the optimal nutrition for preterm infants. When the mother's own milk is unavailable, donor human milk is recommended as an alternative for preterm infants. The association among early nutrition, body composition and the future risk of disease has recently attracted much interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of human milk on the body composition of preterm infants.Materials and Methods: Very low birth weight infants (VLBW: birth weight <1,500 g) with a gestational age (GA) between 26 and 34 weeks were included. Clinical data, anthropometric measurements and nutritional intake in terms of the volume of human milk were extracted from computerized medical charts. The human milk intake was expressed as a percentage of target fortified donor human milk and/or target fortified fresh mother's milk, compared with the total volume of milk intake during the hospital stay. All included infants underwent anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis (expressed as fat-free mass percentage) at term corrected age (CA) by air-displacement plethysmography. A comparison between infants fed human milk at <50% (group 1) and infants fed human milk at ≥50% of the total volume of milk intake (group 2) was conducted. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the modulating effect of fortified human milk on fat-free mass at term CA.Results: Seventy-three VLBW infants were included in the study. The mean weight and GA at birth were 1,248 ± 198 g and 30.2 ± 2.0 weeks, respectively. No differences were found regarding anthropometric measurements at birth, at discharge and at term CA between the two groups. The mean fortified human milk intake was 34.9 ± 12.5 and 80.9 ± 15.5% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001).A multiple regression analysis corrected for sex and birth weight demonstrated that intake of ≥50% fortified human milk was associated with a higher fat-free mass percentage at term CA than intake of <50% fortified human milk.Conclusion: The use of target fortified human milk modulated growth and improved growth quality in vulnerable preterm infants. Thus, the use of donor human milk should be encouraged when fresh mother's milk is insufficient or not available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study on the growth of late preterm infants, we demonstrated that being fed human milk is associated with increased fat-free mass deposition at term corrected age (CA) ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Human Milk on Modulating the Quality of Growth in Preterm Infants

et al. 2018

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“…The impact of a human milk-based diet on the lean and fat mass in late preterm infants was studied by Giannì et al [14]. They found a positive correlation between the consumption of human milk and adipose tissue mass deposition, which strengthens when reaching the term CGA.…”

Section: Human Milk Feeding and Body Composition Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Milk Feeding and Preterm Infants’ Growth and Body Composition: A Literature Review

et al. 2020

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Preterm infants may show a higher risk of adverse health outcomes, such as the development of metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment. The most recent evidence highlights that nutrition, body composition development, and early postnatal growth may play a role in the programming of these processes. Human milk feeding has been recommended as the natural feeding for preterm infants and as a cost-effective strategy for reducing disease and economic burden. Considering that the postnatal growth retardation and aberrant body composition shown by preterm infants at the time of hospital discharge still remain important issues, we performed a literature review, aiming to provide an update about the effect of human milk feeding on these processes. On the basis of our findings, human milk feeding in preterm infants, although related to a slower weight gain than formula feeding, is associated with a better recovery of body composition through the promotion of fat-free mass deposition, which may ultimately lead to better metabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Promotion and support of human milk feeding should be considered a priority in preterm infants’ care.

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“…skinfold) [ 70 – 76 ], monitoring growth patterns [ 54 , 77 – 80 ], investigating the relationship between maternal and prenatal factors and health outcomes during infancy [ 81 – 86 ], and others [ 87 ]. The majority of these studies ( n = 43) included only full-term infants [ 33 , 52 – 54 , 56 – 58 , 60 , 62 , 66 , 67 , 69 – 72 , 74 , 75 , 78 , 80 , 81 , 83 – 86 , 88 – 106 ], 13 only pre-term infants [ 9 , 68 , 73 , 77 , 79 , 107 – 112 ], and 17 both full- and pre-term infants [ 55 , 59 , 61 , 63 – 65 , 76 , 82 , 87 , 113 – 120 ]. Although, the use of Pea Pod in both full-term and pre-term infants and in specific clinical risk and ethnic groups is feasible, it might be associated with some practical challenges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air displacement plethysmography (pea pod) in full-term and pre-term infants: a comprehensive review of accuracy, reproducibility, and practical challenges

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Hurst

McKinlay

et al. 2018

matern health, neonatol and perinatol

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Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) has been widely utilised to track body composition because it is considered to be practical, reliable, and valid. Pea Pod is the infant version of ADP that accommodates infants up to the age of 6 months and has been widely utilised to assess the body composition of full-term infants, and more recently pre-term infants. The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to 1) discuss the accuracy/reproducibility of Pea Pod in both full- and pre-term infants, 2) highlight and discuss practical challenges and potential sources of measurement errors in relation to Pea Pod operating principles, and 3) make suggestions for future research direction to overcome the identified limitations.

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Does Human Milk Modulate Body Composition in Late Preterm Infants at Term-Corrected Age?

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

The Effect of Human Milk on Modulating the Quality of Growth in Preterm Infants

The Effect of Human Milk on Modulating the Quality of Growth in Preterm Infants

Human Milk Feeding and Preterm Infants’ Growth and Body Composition: A Literature Review

Air displacement plethysmography (pea pod) in full-term and pre-term infants: a comprehensive review of accuracy, reproducibility, and practical challenges

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