Experimental Analysis of Modified DC-P&O Technique with Arm Controller for a Stand-Alone 40 W PV System

Abstract

The world is moving towards the generation of electricity with renewable energy sources (RES) due to the deterioration of the green environment and trying to replace non-renewable energy resources. The real-time results are achieved with the help of an arm controller, having good controller efficiency with the Waijung toolbox, compatible with MATLAB using STM32ST-link utility. In this paper, the authors are focused on areas such as easy to implement controller efficiency, and real-time solutions for modified direct-control perturbation & observation (DC-P&O) technique based on 32- bit ARM Cortex microcontroller (STM32F407VGT6) with embedded programming using Waijung blocksets, which offers very expected outcomes of the problem to make the stand-alone system efficient with fast-tracking. The observation setup is tested with a 40-watt photovoltaic (PV) panel with resistive load for achieving its stability. The designed algorithm enhances the efficiency of the controller by 84.48% for the real-time parameters of the PV panel at maximum power point (MPP) for a 57% duty ratio.

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“…When testing the voltage with a digital multimeter from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) can be measured in the morning and evening (Singhal et al, 2021). c. Short Circuit Current (Isc) Short Circuit Current (Isc) is the maximum output current of a solar cell panel that can be output (output) under conditions with no resistance or short circuit.…”

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“…Table 1 shows the detailed specifications of solar panels used in our simulation studies at 1000 W/m 2 STC. The simulation analysis can easily be understood with the results of a previous study by the authors [6]. The values are written in Table 1, which are very useful for performing simulations as well as for experimental studies.…”

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