Executive Function, Coping, and Behavior in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Campbell, Laura K.; Scaduto, Mary; Slyke, Deborah Van; Niarhos, Frances; Whitlock, James A.; Compas, Bruce E.

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn080

Cited by 105 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Correct detection scores in ALL group indicates the limitation in attentional capacity. The limbic system is seen as more important to attention abilities and is viewed as having a stronger impact on vigilance (15). It is possible, brain damages and psychological factors effect on attention deficit in cancer group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) as a neuropsychological test apply for display frontal lobe functioning and cognitive flexibility (for assessment of executive functions, behavioral regulation, and social discourse). Campbell et al (15) showed children with ALL have problem in executive function and cognitive flexibility. In this paper, the results were the same.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that executive functioning includes maintenance and flexible changes of goals are controlled by the prefrontal cortex (15). Also executive function significantly affect emotional regulation and coping strategies in survivors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Memory Performance, Attention Maintenance and Executive Function in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Firoozi

Azadfar

2017

Int J Cancer Manag

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Background: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are receiving chemotherapy are at risk of developing a wide range of neurological disorder during medical treatment. This study was conducted to compare working memory performance, attention maintenance and executive function in children with ALL and healthy children. Methods: This causal-comparative research was performed on 50 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 50 healthy children (their sibling) who were between the ages of 7 and 12 years in Children hospital. We used random sampling method. N-back working memory test (N-Back) for working memory function, continuous performance test (CPT) for attention maintenance, and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) for executive function and flexibility were applied. Results: Independent T-test and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the findings. Children with ALL have more deficiency in working memory performance (accuracy; correct response: r = 0.01 and unanswered r = 0.008) and executive functions compared to the control group (% Correct: r = 0.03, % Errors: r = 0.01, Categories achieved: r = 0.017, Failures to maintain set: r = 0.001). But there were no significant differences in attention maintenance scores between the two groups. Conclusions: Children with ALL compared to their healthy siblings show a weak function in cortical regions and frontal lobe. Biopsycho-social factors lead to cognitive disruption in ALL group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Memory Performance, Attention Maintenance and Executive Function in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Firoozi

Azadfar

2017

Int J Cancer Manag

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“…The results of these studies pointed to significant associations between these processes in adults with psychiatric and neurological disorders, and in children and adolescents with cancer (Andreotti et al, 2013;Compas, 2006;Compas, Jaser, Dunn, & Rodriguez, 2012;Hocking et al, 2011;Spitz, Schonberger, & Ponsford, 2013). Therefore, it is also possible that children and adolescents with worse executive abilities may have a reduced ability to deal with stressful situations, experience a higher number of stressful events, or even classify a greater number of situations as stressful (Campbell et al, 2009;Compas, 2006;Compas, ConnorSmith, Saltzman, Thomsen, & Wadsworth, 2001;Connor-Smith, Compas, Wadsworth, Thomsen, & Saltzman, 2000), all of which could potentially influence social, cognitive, and affective functioning. Although coping strategies were not assessed in the present study, adolescents who repeated grades showed lower executive function scores (especially in tasks that assessed verbal fluency and working memory), experienced a higher number of stressful events, and had worse academic performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressful Events and Executive Functioning, Working Memory and Academic Performance in Adolescents

et al. 2017

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A number of studies have investigated the association between psychiatric disorders and alterations in cognitive development, academic performance, and learning ability. However, few studies have explored the relationship between stressful events and grade repetition. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to compare the frequency of exposure to stressful events, academic performance, executive functioning, and performance on working memory tasks between adolescents with and without a history of grade repetition. This was a cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 83 adolescents divided into two groups: (1) individuals with a history of grade repetition (n = 39) and (2) participants who had never repeated a grade (n = 44). Participants were administered tests to assess executive functions, intelligence, exposure to stressful events, and academic performance. Results showed that individuals with a history of grade repetition reported to experiencing a higher number of stressful events in adolescence, had worse academic performance, and obtained lower scores on executive functioning and working memory tasks than non-repeaters.

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“…The majority of these studies determined that the distribution and proliferation of white matter were the main factors associated with such deficits (Moleski, 2000;Carey et al, 2007;Campbell et al, 2009). One hypothesis is that developing areas are more susceptible to injuries or lesions than mature areas (Buizer et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological profile of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Gomes¹,

Leite²,

Garcia³

et al. 2012

Psychology & Neuroscience

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The present study investigated cognitive function in children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The subjects were 20 children between the ages of 6 and 12 years of both genders who were diagnosed with ALL and underwent exclusively triple intrathecal prophylactic chemotherapy of the central nervous system. The protocol used for the neuropsychological assessment included the following cognitive aspects: intellectual performance, attention, memory and executive function. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using the Mann-Whitney U test and Student t-test. The effects of gender, age at diagnosis, and time since the initiation of treatment on the children's performance were determined. The evaluation of intellectual performance revealed reduced scores in the group of children who were female and younger than 5 years of age at diagnosis, especially difficulty with verbal skills and working memory. With regard to attention systems, the different groups presented expected performance for their age. We observed lower scores in the different groups in executive function, aspects of the development of problem-solving strategies, self-regulation, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control. Better performance was observed for episodic memory and semantic memory (immediate and recognition), but lower scores were found for learning and recall after interference. In conclusion, the present findings are both consistent and discordant with the literature in the field that alludes to the impact of chemotherapy on the maturation of the central nervous system.

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Executive Function, Coping, and Behavior in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract: Findings suggest that executive function impairment may be associated with difficulties in coping and emotion regulation in a subgroup of children treated for ALL. Directions for future research on executive function deficits and coping skills in survivors of pediatric ALL are suggested.

Cited by 105 publications

References 32 publications

Working Memory Performance, Attention Maintenance and Executive Function in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Working Memory Performance, Attention Maintenance and Executive Function in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Stressful Events and Executive Functioning, Working Memory and Academic Performance in Adolescents

Neuropsychological profile of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

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