Evidence for an Independent Radiation of Endosymbiotic Litostome Ciliates within Australian Marsupial Herbivores

Molecular Phylogeny of the Family Ophryscolecidae (Ciliophora, Litostomatea) Inferred from 18S rDNA Sequences

“…Although some molecular studies using 18S rDNA sequences have recovered the Ophryoscolecidae division into three subfamilies (Cameron and O'Donoghue ; Cameron et al. , ; Karnati et al. ; Kittelmann and Janssen ; Modry et al.…”

“…However, any molecular phylogenetic study was performed to test this hypothesis. Besides molecular studies based on 18S rDNA information demonstrated the monophyly of the family Ophryoscolecidae (Cameron et al 2001(Cameron et al , 2003Str€ uder-Kypke et al 2006, however, the division of this family into three subfamilies Entodiniinae, Diplodiniinae, and Ophryoscolecinae not yet been tested using molecular analyzes.…”

Molecular Phylogeny of Litostome Ciliates (Ciliophora, Litostomatea) with Emphasis on Free-Living Haptorian Genera

“…The Trichostomatia has been confirmed as a monophyletic taxon (Cameron and O'Oonogue 2004;Cameron et al 2001Cameron et al , 2003Wright and Lynn 1997a, b;Wright et al 1997) and the relationships within this subclass are well resolved. However, monophyly of the subclass Haptoria and the relationships among genera therein have not been corroborated by gene sequencing (Cameron and O'Oonogue 2004;Cameron et al 2003;Wright and Lynn 1997a).…”

Large-scale phylogenomic analysis reveals the phylogenetic position of the problematic taxon Protocruzia and unravels the deep phylogenetic affinities of the ciliate lineages

“…Beyond this deep division, it is generally agreed that there are 11 major ciliate lineages or classes and a twelfth single species clade of Cariacotrichea (Adl et al, 2012;Lynn, 2008;Orsi et al, 2012;Stoeck et al, 2003). Most of these classes are strongly supported by morphology, with the exception of the ''riboclasses'' -the Armophorea and Plagiopylea, which are identified only by sequences of the 18S rRNA genes, as included taxa lack any morphological synapomorphies (Bernhard et al, 1995(Bernhard et al, , 2001Cameron et al, 2001;Embley et al, 1995;Greenwood et al, 1991;Leipe et al, 1994;Lynn, 2008;Lynn et al, 1999;Lynn and Strüder-Kypke, 2002;Snoeyenbos-West et al, 2004;Stechmann et al, 1998). Nevertheless, the monophyly of the class Spirotrichea has been challenged in several studies, notably those that include Protocruzia spp.…”