Evaluation of the Hypocholesterolemic Effect and Phytochemical Screening of the Hydroethanolic Extract of <i>Crataegus Aronia</i> from Jordan

Alkhateeb

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutical Biology

Context:Crataegus aronia (Willd.) Bosc (Rosaceae) (syn. Azarolus L) is traditionally used to treat cardiovascular disorders.Objectives: To investigate C. aronia protection against a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced vascular inflammation in rats.Materials and methods: Wistar Male rats (180–220 g) were divided (n = 10/group) as control fed a standard diet (STD), STD + C. aronia (200 mg/kg, orally), HFD, HFD + C. aronia and HFD post-treated with C. aronia. Simvastatin (20 mg/kg) was co- or post-administered as a positive control drug. HFD was given for 8 weeks, and all other treatments were administered for 4 weeks.Results: Most significantly, co-administration of C. aronia to HFD-fed rats reduced the thickness of aorta tunica media (90 ± 5 vs. 160 ± 11.3 µm) and adventitia (54.3 ± 3.8 vs. 93.6 ± 9.4 µm). It also lowered protein levels of TNF-α (0.51 ± 0.15 and 0.15 ± 0.16 vs. 0.1 ± 0.09%) and IL-6 (0.52 ± 0.19 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2%) in their aorta or serum (5.9 ± 0.91 vs. 12.98 ± 1.3 ng/mL and 78.1 ± 6.7 vs. 439 ± 78 pg/mL, respectively). It also lowered all serum lipids and increased aorta levels of GSH levels (70.4 ± 4.0 vs. 40.7 µM) and activity of SOD (5.7 ± 0.7 vs. 2.9 ± 0.6 U/mg) and decreased serum levels of ox-LDL-c (566.7 ± 46 vs. 1817 ± 147 ng/mL). Such effects were more profound than all other treatments.Conclusions:C. aronia inhibits the HFD-induced vascular inflammation and its use in clinical trials is recommended.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Crataegus Aronia protects and reverses vascular inflammation in a high fat diet rat model by an antioxidant mechanism and modulating serum levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein

Alkhateeb

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutical Biology

“…Several studies have reported the effect of hyperoside on LDL. Extracts from the leaves and flowers of Crataegus aronia that contain hyperoside decreased the serum total cholesterol and LDL of hypercholesterolemic rats [ 10 ]. In addition, hyperoside prolonged the lag time in conjugated diene formation in Cu 2+ -induced LDL in vitro [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, hyperoside prolonged the lag time in conjugated diene formation in Cu 2+ -induced LDL in vitro [ 11 ]. These results indicate that flavonoids, including hyperoside, can not only decrease LDL levels but also inhibit LDL oxidation [ 10 – 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperoside inhibits the effects induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells via oxLDL-LOX-1-ERK pathway

Zhang

et al. 2017

Mol Cell Biochem

Hyperoside is a major active constituent in many medicinal plants traditionally used in Chinese medicines for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and vascular protective effects. Recent studies have focused on the protective effects of hyperoside on hyperlipidemia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. In this study, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated in vitro with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the presence or absence of hyperoside. Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and tetrazolium assay were used to detect lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation, and to determine VSMCs viability. The results demonstrated that oxLDL promoted LOX-1 expression, ERK activation, and proliferation in VSMCs. Hyperoside significantly inhibited the oxLDL-stimulated effects after long time exposure. However, it promoted ERK activation directly following a short incubation duration (25 min). In conclusion, hyperoside inhibits oxLDL-induced LOX-1 expression, ERK activation, and cell proliferation through the oxLDL-LOX-1-ERK pathway in VSMCs. Our findings suggest a novel role of hyperoside in treating and preventing atherosclerosis.

“…These remarkable effects can be correlated to the effect of the main combinations identified in the Crataegus extract. In addition, it has been shown that in high cholesterol diet fed rats Hawthorn major compounds, inhibiting synergistically 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and cholesterol absorption could manifest substantial hypolipidemic benefits (Al-Hallaq et al, 2012; Zhang et al, 2002; Huang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Crataegus extract supplementation on diabetes induced memory deficits and serum biochemical parameters in male rats

et al. 2019