Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A Protein as an Acute-Phase Reactive Protein in Horses.

Nunokawa, Yasushi; Fujinaga, Toru; Taira, Tomoko; Okumura, Masahiro; Yamashita, Kazuto; Tsunoda, Nobuo; Hagio, Mitsuyoshi

doi:10.1292/jvms.55.1011

Cited by 113 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…Although the SAA value was clearly low even when compared with the results of previous reports [7,12,15], we believed that this was due to the fact that the racehorses were young thoroughbreds that were healthy, the measuring methods were different, the sample used as the healthy group was favorable clinically, and the groups of horses used contained comparatively little variation in the previous reports. The same trend was observed for Fbg [18], i.e., the physiologic reference value was lower than in previous reports [2,7,8].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…The following knowledge has been obtained concerning SAA from study of humans and other animals: 1) the normal value is very low; 2) changes in clinical condition elicit a rapid response; and 3) the rate of synthesis is the only factor affecting blood concentration [7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In the present study, the SAA concentration was determined using a latex agglomeration immunoassay in an automated analyzer and employing equine standard sera with SAA concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 400.0 µg/ml as the standard [12,15,16]. Most SAA in serum is associated with high-density lipoprotein particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAA concentration in the sera thus obtained was measured by the latex agglutination method using equine standard sera with SAA concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 400.0 µg/ml that was produced by the methods described in previous reports as the standard [12,15,16]. The assay was performed on an automated analyzer (Hitachi 7020, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) using polyclonal rabbit and monoclonal murine antibodies covalently bound to polystyrene latex particles (LZ test "Eiken" SAA, Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Measurement Of Rectal Temperature Wbc Counts Fbg Concentramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that SAA is superior to other acute phase proteins as an inflammation marker because SAA is the most sensitive acute phase protein in the horse compared with other acute phase proteins [7,8,[12][13][14]. SAA is produced by the liver in response to increased cytokine production [10,11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A and Surfactant Protein D in Sera for Identification of the Clinical Condition of Horses with Bacterial Pneumonia

Hobo

Niwa

Anzai

2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In the present study, the concentrations of serum amyloid A and surfactant protein D in sera were measured to evaluate them for identification of the clinical condition of horses with bacterial pneumonia. The study utilized 185 clinically healthy control thoroughbreds and 9 thoroughbreds for experimental infectious study with S. zooepidemicus. Blood samples were collected from the 185 healthy control thoroughbreds. The 9 thoroughbreds were experimentally infected S. zooepidemicus using an endoscopic injection to a lung lobe and were then observed of clinical conditions. Blood samples were collected before inoculation and on the 1-15th, 22nd, and 29th days after inoculation (follow-up group). The levels of SAA and SP-D in the healthy control thoroughbreds were very low. In the follow-up group, the levels of SAA and SP-D changed in parallel with the horses' clinical condition. The pyrexia observed after bacterial inoculation faded by the 11th day, and the changes in SAA and SP-D occurred simultaneous to disappearance of the clinical signs. Measurement of SAA and SP-D proved useful for monitoring the clinical condition of the horses with bacterial pneumonia. Changes in the SP-D value were preceded by changes in the SAA value. Since the changes in SP-D occurred approximately simultaneous to the changes in the horses' clinical signs, we believe that they reflect the condition of the alveolar membranes. We conclude that measurement of SAA and SP-D in sera is useful for identification of the clinical condition of horses with bacterial pneumonia. KEY WORDS: bacterial pneumonia, clinical condition, equine, serum amyloid A, surfactant protein D.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Rectal Temperature Wbc Counts Fbg Concentramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A and Surfactant Protein D in Sera for Identification of the Clinical Condition of Horses with Bacterial Pneumonia

Hobo

Niwa

Anzai

2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Variation of SAA with age in healthy human adults is not considered clinically relevant,21 but in one study, horses over 8 years of age had higher level of SAA than horses of other age groups (except for neonates) 22. The lower CRP concentrations in horses with bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophilia (Fig 2B), when compared to other horses from the study was unexpected, especially since neutrophilic asthma is associated with systemic inflammation and increased CRP in humans 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Acute Phase Proteins in Racehorses with Inflammatory Airway Disease

Leclère

Lavoie‐Lamoureux

Lavoie

2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundSystemic inflammation is observed in horses with heaves and could also be present in horses with a lesser degree of pulmonary inflammation.Hypothesis/ObjectivesIt was hypothesized that racehorses with inflammatory airway disease (IAD) have increased concentration of circulating acute phase proteins. The objective of this study was to compare serum acute phase proteins of racehorses with and without lower airway inflammation.AnimalsSerum from 21 client‐owned Standardbred racehorses with exercise intolerance and lower airway inflammation and serum from 10 client‐owned Standardbred racehorses with exercise intolerance without lower airway inflammation.MethodsIn a case–control study, serum samples from previously characterized horses presented for exercise intolerance with or without lower airway inflammation based on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology were analyzed for serum amyloid A protein (SAA), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and haptoglobin using commercial ELISAs.ResultsThere was no significant differences between groups for SAA (non‐IAD versus IAD, median (range): 3.47 (0.06–34.94) versus 6.33 (0.06–80) μg/mL, P = .49), CRP (10.87 (2.05–29.03) versus 4.63 (0.02–31.81) μg/mL, P = .23) or haptoglobin (900.36 (607.99–2018.84) versus 749.54 (530.81–1076.95) μg/mL, P = .09).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn this population of poorly performing racehorses in training, serum SAA, CRP, and haptoglobin were not helpful in distinguishing between horses with IAD from horses with exercise intolerance from other causes.

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Proteins

Wallace¹

2013

Equine Clinical Pathology

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Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A Protein as an Acute-Phase Reactive Protein in Horses.

Cited by 113 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A and Surfactant Protein D in Sera for Identification of the Clinical Condition of Horses with Bacterial Pneumonia

Evaluation of Serum Amyloid A and Surfactant Protein D in Sera for Identification of the Clinical Condition of Horses with Bacterial Pneumonia

Acute Phase Proteins in Racehorses with Inflammatory Airway Disease

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