Evaluation of Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP-8) in Periodontal Patients Undergoing Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy and Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a pivotal role in the damage to the periodontal tissue in patients with periodontitis. Scaling and root planning (SRP) attempt to control the plaque amount and consequentially reduce the bacterial load. Non-surgical periodontal treatment could be integrated with drug therapy and physiotherapy procedures such as ozone therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate in a cohort of patients with a diagnosis of periodontitis: (1) the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy assisted by the use of ozonated olive oil-based mouthwash on salivary metalloproteinase (MMP-8) and (2) the reduction of periodontal indices. Methods: Ninety-six subjects with a diagnosis of periodontitis were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to the study group (SRP + mouthwash) or control group (SRP). The study duration was 3 months. Data on MMP-8, plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were recorded at T0, T1 (14 days), T2 (1 month) and T3 (6 months). Group differences were assessed using Student’s t-test for independent samples. Results: A significant improvement in PI, BoP, PPD and salivary MMP-8 levels was observed in both groups. An analysis of differences in relative changes of indices revealed the efficacy of ozonated olive oil in decreasing MMP-8 level. Simultaneously, it slowed the decrease of BoP index. Conclusions: Scaling and root plaining with the aid of ozonated olive oil mouthwash were found to be more effective on salivary MMP-8 reduction than scaling and root plaining alone.

Raman Spectroscopy for Assessment of Hard Dental Tissues in Periodontitis Treatment

“…Despite the existing progress in the study of periodontitis [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], our study results are of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases, could help significantly improve the quality of life of patients during therapy, and shorten the rehabilitation period.…”

Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil in Caries Prevention: A Preliminary In-Vitro Study

“…No cytotoxic signs were observed, and aqueous ozone showed the highest biocompatibility among the tested antiseptics. Moreover, a very recent clinical study on a mouthwash based on ozonated olive oil used for a period of 3 months showed no side effects correlated with its daily use [5].…”

“…Triclosan showed an unfavorable biocompatibility and was banned in 2016 by the USA Food and Drug Administration from soap formulations [20]. Chlorhexidine is nowadays the gold standard for topical oral antimicrobial agents; however, its use for a prolonged period of time is not recommended due to side effects such as tooth discoloration, taste alterations and oral desquamation [5].…”

“…Ozonated water showed excellent results against Candida Albicans, reducing Colony Forming Unit (CFU) more effectively than a topical antifungal [3]. The ozonated oil has been tested in the treatment of different pathologies such as joint and skin diseases and it has been proposed in different fields in dentistry: bone regeneration, remineralization of white spots, root canal retreatments due to persistent pathogens, disinfection of periodontal pockets, whitening, management and resolution of hypersensitivity and temporomandibular joint pain [4,5].…”

The Use of Saliva as a Biosample in the Light of COVID-19

“…This fluid not only plays the role of a crucial factor facilitating both oral and overall health, but also aids in preventing oral diseases. This basic diagnostic biomaterial links different fields of medicine with dentistry and makes a link between patient' plasma [4,5].…”