The Use of Saliva as a Biosample in the Light of COVID-19

Duś-Ilnicka, Irena; Krala, Elżbieta; Cholewińska, Paulina; Radwan-Oczko, Małgorzata

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11101769

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In this scenario, the dental office was identified as a place where the risk of infection could rise to its maximum, as in dentistry, face-to-face communication and consistent exposure to body fluids, such as blood and saliva, are frequent and common [ 3 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Effect Dental Patients? An Italian Observational Survey Study

Nardi

Grassi

et al. 2021

Healthcare

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The primary aim of this observational survey study was to assess patients’ attitudes toward clinical dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic; the secondary aim was to evaluate patients’ attitudes towards oral health by maintaining an appropriate lifestyle and oral hygiene at home. The questionnaire was developed using Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: Part A—geographic, demographic, and personal data; Part B—patients’ attitude toward oral health selfcare and lifestyle; Part C—patients’ attitude toward dental practice. This survey, conducted during the months of November and December 2020, enrolled 1135 subjects throughout Italy. All data were statistically analyzed. COVID-19 has changed patients’ approach to dental procedures. Most of the people interviewed lived in families, and their greatest fear was infecting a family member. Restrictive measures forced people to stay at home, which led to an increased consumption of various types of food, including cariogenic foods. People said they felt safe when they went to the dentist, but they also paid special attention to measures to prevent contagion. Among the measures that should be introduced in similar situations in the future, people wanted telemedicine, a phone recall, and the possible use of video clips for home oral care instructions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Effect Dental Patients? An Italian Observational Survey Study

Nardi

Grassi

et al. 2021

Healthcare

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“…In addition to oral manifestations of COVID-19 infection, the virus itself can be detected in saliva. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which allows the attachment of the virus, is also present in the oral cavity [ 47 , 54 , 55 ]. Would this justify the more severe oral symptoms of GT in the COVID-19-positive patient reported in this study?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress as worsening of the signs and symptoms of the geographic tongue during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

et al. 2022

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Background Geographic Tongue (GT) is a benign inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, which is characterized by the loss of epithelium due to the atrophy of filiform papillae. It usually occurs on the dorsum of the tongue and may extend to its lateral edges. It appears as an erythematous area surrounded by whitish and slightly elevated margins. In most cases, the condition is asymptomatic, although some individuals may report symptoms that include a burning sensation of the tongue. Objective Assess whether there was a change in the clinical aspect of Geographic Tongue (GT) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Thirty-two participants were recruited from Dentistry School Universidade Federal Fluminense. Anamnesis and oral examination were performed to collect medical history. The participants were split into two groups: control group (no GT) n = 20 and test group (with GT) n = 12. In the second step, nine participants from a 12 (75%) of the test group were contacted by phone and answered a questionnaire about changes in the signs and symptoms of GT during the pandemic. The subjects were subdivided into two groups: GT with and without signs and symptoms exacerbation. Results In the first phase of the research, no statistical difference between control and test groups was observed regarding clinical criteria such as age (p + 0.72), gender (p = 0.24), and systemic diseases (p = 0.58). In the second phase, there was a statistical difference between GT groups with or without symptom exacerbation in terms of age and stress as a factor of the oral symptoms (p = 0.3 and 0.2), respectively. Younger patients showed a worsening of the oral lesions related to GT (p = 0.3) and reported stress during the pandemic (p = 0.02). Conclusion Younger patients were more susceptible to stress and presented more exacerbation of the oral lesions related to GT.

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“…Recently, the saliva has emerged as a convenient and cost-effective biofluid for COVID-19 diagnostics and may eventually replace a nasopharyngeal swab. 22,23 The collection of the saliva is non-invasive, inexpensive and uses a simple technique without the need for special equipment. Since monkeypox infection often manifests in the oral cavity, the saliva in patients may harbor the virions of monkeypox and, therefore, could potentially be used as the biosample to detect the virus.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral manifestations of monkeypox: Brief review

Iamaroon¹

2022

Dent. Med. Probl.

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The current outbreak of monkeypox infection has caught the attention of people worldwide. Updated data showed a dramatic increase in the number of patients in many non-endemic countries. An emergence of monkeypox together with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a tremendous burden on the healthcare system, globally.The aim of this review was to briefly describe the current situation, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of the disease. Oral manifestations of monkeypox as well as those of similar viral diseases were elaborately delineated.The outbreak of monkeypox in non-endemic regions has expanded to at least 47 countries with more than 4,100 new infections. The clinical features in non-endemic regions are atypical and different from those in central and western Africa. Milder symptoms with no death cases have been observed. The oral mucosa is often involved and oral lesions may initially be manifested before the rash spreads to the face and other parts of the body. The diagnosis of monkeypox is mainly based on clinical presentations and laboratory investigations. Prevention by avoiding close contacts with patients and sick animals and providing vaccination to those who have a primary contact with patients is essential.Oral manifestations may occur prior to skin eruptions, suggesting that dentists and dental personnel should be well aware of the nature of the disease. Prevention and public awareness of the disease are crucial for mitigating further human-to-human transmission.

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The Use of Saliva as a Biosample in the Light of COVID-19

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Effect Dental Patients? An Italian Observational Survey Study

How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Effect Dental Patients? An Italian Observational Survey Study

Stress as worsening of the signs and symptoms of the geographic tongue during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

Oral manifestations of monkeypox: Brief review

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