Evaluation of antihyperglycemic and antinociceptive activity of Xanthium indicum stem extract in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

BackgroundXanthium indicum stem is used in folk medicine of Bangladesh to control sugar in diabetic patients and to alleviate pain. The objective of the study was to evaluate antihyperglycemic and antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Xanthium indicum stems (XISE) in mice.MethodsAntihyperglycemic activity was measured by oral glucose tolerance tests in glucose-loaded Swiss albino mice. Antinociceptive activity was determined by observed decreases in abdominal constrictions in acetic acid-induced gastric pain model in mice.ResultsThe methanol extract of stems showed dose-dependent and statistically significant antihyperglycemic activity at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg per kg body weight (p values, respectively, < than 0.01, 0.01, 0.005, and 0.01). Highest reduction in blood glucose level (31.2%) was observed with the highest dose (400 mg) of the extract. A standard antihyperglycemic drug, glibenclamide, reduced blood glucose levels by 46.2%, when administered at a dose of 10 mg per kg body weight. In antinociceptive activity tests, the extract when administered at the afore-mentioned four doses, reduced the number of abdominal constrictions in mice, respectively, by 41.7, 50.0, 54.2, and 61.0%. In comparison, a standard antinociceptive drug, aspirin, when administered at a dose of 200 mg per kg body weight, reduced the number of abdominal constrictions by 37.5%.ConclusionThe experimental results obtained in the present study validate the use of X. indicum stems in folk medicines of Bangladesh to lower blood sugar in diabetic patients and to alleviate pain.

Antihyperglycemic Activity Studies With Non-Boiled and Boiled Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp. Seeds

“…The various groups received different treatments like Following a period of one hour as described earlier. [8,14] all mice were orally administered 2g glucose/kg of body weight. Blood samples were collected 120 minutes after the glucose administration through puncturing heart following previously published procedures.…”

“…Blood samples were collected 120 minutes after the glucose administration through puncturing heart following previously published procedures. [8,14] Blood glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method [19] . The percent lowering of blood glucose levels were calculated according to the formula described below.…”

“…[4] To provide the diabetic population with easily affordable and available drugs, we had been experimenting with various local plants and formulations for their blood glucose lowering effects. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Since C. cajan is a commonly available legume crop of Bangladesh with edible seeds, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of methanolic extract of C. cajan seeds (both non-boiled and those that have been boiled by steaming).…”

Callus extract of Ipomoea mauritiana show analgesic and antihyperglycemic activity in Swiss albino mice

“…The plant has ethnomedicinal importance. Tubers are taken orally to alleviate spinal cord pain and to increase milk in nursing mothers by the Garo tribal community of Madhupur in Tangail district, Bangladesh (Jahan et al, 2013). In Naogaon district, Bangladesh, folk medicinal practitioners use tubers to treat tuberculosis and to increase appetite (Anzumi et al, 2014).…”

“…Medicinal plants of Bangladesh are comparatively undocumented and not studied in any detail as to their pharmacological potentials. Since diabetes and pain are very common afflictions in Bangladesh, we had been systematically screening medicinal plants of the country as to their pain alleviating and antihyperglycemic properties (Morshed et al, 2010;Rahmatullah et al, 2010b;Ahmed et al, 2011;Shahreen et al, 2012;Haque et al, 2013;Rahmatullah et al, 2013a,b;Ghosh et al, 2014;Hossain et al, 2014;Jahan et al, 2014;Tazin et al, 2014). Folk medicinal and other types of traditional medicinal practitioners use medicinal plants in their formulations but most often disregard the conservation status of the plants.…”