Eutectic freeze crystallization: Application to process streams and waste water purification

A review on the coupling of cooling, desalination and solar photovoltaic systems

“…When compared to conventional evaporative crystallization, the energy required for EFC can be reduced by up to 70% and the 100% conversion into water and salt is an advantage [64]. EFC system analysis and modelling have been conducted to simulate its transient behaviour [61][62][63].…”

Cryoconcentration technology in the bio-food industry: Principles and applications

“…Although eutectic cryoconcentration technology has been investigated in the past (Stepakoff, Siegelman, Johnson, & Gibson, 1974), there has been recently renewed interest to explore the advantages of this technique, primarily the low energy consumption and the high purity of the products, and to effectuate its industrial application (van der Ham, Witkamp, De Graauw, & Van Rosmalen, 1998). The crystal size distribution is of primary importance in the eutectic cryoconcentration.…”

Eutectic freeze crystallization in a 2nd generation cooled disk column crystallizer for MgSO4·H2O system

“…Very pure water and solid salt can be simultaneously recovered from electrolyte solutions by eutectic freeze crystallization (EFC) at low energy costs, and very high yields [1,2]. Previous work dealt with the prototypes cooled disc column crystallizer (CDCC-1) and scraped cooled wall crystallizer (SCWC-1) [3][4][5].…”