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This paper illustrates the thermal energy conservation potential of the so-called heat integrated distillation column (HIDiC), which combines advantages of direct vapour recompression and diabatic operation at half of the normal column height. In a typical close boiling mixture separation, compared with a column utilising the usual vapour recompression scheme, HIDiC halved the consumption of exergy at approximately the same capital cost, indicating a strikingly short pay-off time. The complexities of integrating the heat transfer equipment in the stripping section with proven gas/liquid contacting devices, which may work adversely to practical implementation of HIDiC concept, are also addressed.

The crystallization of phenanthrene fiom toluene with carbon dioxide as the antisolvent gas is described. In the GAS process, a pressurized

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This study describes the gas and liquid distributions in a column with structured packings. The column is 0.5 m in diameter. It is equipped with a total of 1289 detectors in the top and bottom cross-sections. These detectors provide a detailed picture of the gas and liquid flows through elements of only 25 x 25 mm'. The maldistribution in the gas bulk flow is negligible. Only the observed.wal1 flow can contribute to malperformance. The gas flows in parallel to sheet orientation, thus introducing a radial transport. Together with the change in the orientation of subsequent packing elements, this results in good gas mixing. It was observed that the liquid wall flow rate decreases when the gas velocity exceeds 1.7 m/s. Up to the loading point, the maldistribution of the liquid is constant. Above this point, the quality of the distribution deteriorates rapidly, due to the occurrence of large-scale liquid segregation.

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