“…This vapor then rises up and condenses when contacting the coils on top of the chamber and is then collected from all the chambers (see Figure A). The received brine from all the chambers is recycled and then added to the input seawater cycle . This system is energy intensive and needs both electrical and thermal energies .…”
Section: Solar‐driven Desalinationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The future of desalination has a growing trend, mainly due to the ever‐increasing population, industrialization, and of existing water resources' degradation, as projected in Figure F . However, they consume a tremendous amount of energy (ie, 2.5‐12 kWh/m 3 ), and most of them are based on fossil fuels …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, employing clean sources of energy to provide environmentally friendly (nonpolluting) electricity is essential for achieving sustainability. This process is often referred to as greenization and aims at increasing the efficiency, producing less greenhouse gas emissions, recovering losses, and multigenerating outputs . Therefore, it is inevitable to switch to renewable energies for human well‐being and economic development .…”
Summary
This paper is motivated by the crisis of freshwater in remote areas around the world and responds to the growing need for sustainable food production in arid lands. It focuses on utilizing solar energy to yield freshwater from the sea or brackish water with less environmental impacts, for greenhouses, which can produce sustainable food all over the year. The integration of various solar‐driven desalinations such as solar still, humidification‐dehumidification, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and multieffect and multistage flash with greenhouses are evaluated, for better sustainability towards greenization. The paper first discusses the specifications of solar‐driven desalinations and compares their advantages and limitations. Then, different types of greenhouses are introduced, and their total water requirement is discussed based on their locations, crop type, greenhouse technology, irrigation type, and environmental conditions, as well as their cooling and heating strategies. Later, the existing integration of solar‐driven desalinations with greenhouses are reviewed, and their advantages and limitations are deliberated. Finally, the paper discusses the criteria to be considered when selecting solar‐driven desalinations for greenhouses and presents a detailed comparison between the water production rate and cost as well as the energy consumption of these systems. In the end, the most appropriate combinations of solar‐driven desalinations with greenhouses are recommended based on their water requirement and production cost.
“…This vapor then rises up and condenses when contacting the coils on top of the chamber and is then collected from all the chambers (see Figure A). The received brine from all the chambers is recycled and then added to the input seawater cycle . This system is energy intensive and needs both electrical and thermal energies .…”
Section: Solar‐driven Desalinationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The future of desalination has a growing trend, mainly due to the ever‐increasing population, industrialization, and of existing water resources' degradation, as projected in Figure F . However, they consume a tremendous amount of energy (ie, 2.5‐12 kWh/m 3 ), and most of them are based on fossil fuels …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, employing clean sources of energy to provide environmentally friendly (nonpolluting) electricity is essential for achieving sustainability. This process is often referred to as greenization and aims at increasing the efficiency, producing less greenhouse gas emissions, recovering losses, and multigenerating outputs . Therefore, it is inevitable to switch to renewable energies for human well‐being and economic development .…”
Summary
This paper is motivated by the crisis of freshwater in remote areas around the world and responds to the growing need for sustainable food production in arid lands. It focuses on utilizing solar energy to yield freshwater from the sea or brackish water with less environmental impacts, for greenhouses, which can produce sustainable food all over the year. The integration of various solar‐driven desalinations such as solar still, humidification‐dehumidification, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and multieffect and multistage flash with greenhouses are evaluated, for better sustainability towards greenization. The paper first discusses the specifications of solar‐driven desalinations and compares their advantages and limitations. Then, different types of greenhouses are introduced, and their total water requirement is discussed based on their locations, crop type, greenhouse technology, irrigation type, and environmental conditions, as well as their cooling and heating strategies. Later, the existing integration of solar‐driven desalinations with greenhouses are reviewed, and their advantages and limitations are deliberated. Finally, the paper discusses the criteria to be considered when selecting solar‐driven desalinations for greenhouses and presents a detailed comparison between the water production rate and cost as well as the energy consumption of these systems. In the end, the most appropriate combinations of solar‐driven desalinations with greenhouses are recommended based on their water requirement and production cost.
“…Enormous research for integrating renewable power sources with various desalination technologies has been conducted [28,29] It is well-established that solar energy is the most promising application with a significant contribution for sustainability [30]. Similarly, wind turbines are another sustainable approach for energy production.…”
Abstract:In this paper, we scrutinized the energy storage options used in mitigation of the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources for desalination process. In off-grid islands and remote areas, renewable energy is often combined with appropriate energy storage technologies (ESTs) to provide a consistent and reliable electric power source. We demonstrated that in developing a renewable energy scheme for desalination purposes, product (water) storage is a more reliable and techno-economic solution. For a King Island (Southeast Australia) case-study, electric power production from renewable energy sources was sized under transient conditions to meet the dynamic demand of freshwater throughout the year. Among four proposed scenarios, we found the most economic option by sizing a 13 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) field to instantly run a proportional RO desalination plant and generate immediate freshwater in diurnal times without the need for energy storage. The excess generated water was stored in 4 × 50 ML (mega liter) storage tanks to meet the load in those solar deficit times. It was also demonstrated that integrating well-sized solar PV with wind power production shows more consistent energy/water profiles that harmonize the transient nature of energy sources with the water consumption dynamics, but that would have trivial economic penalties caused by larger desalination and water storage capacities.
“…Direct use of RES in desalination is currently used only in satisfying lower demands in rural off-grid areas [2], [3], [4], but application on bigger areas has recently been investigated [2], [5]. In literature there are many papers dealing with sustainable desalination [6] and more efficient desalination process, like the role of thermal and electrical storages in RES-driven desalination process [7], thermo economic optimization [8], optimization of flow patterns [9], use of low-grade heat source for powering the desalination unit [10] or modelling of energy systems with close integration of renewables and desalination [11], [4], [12], [13]. Since one of the residues of the desalination process is brine, a brine reservoir is needed in the system.…”
This paper presents a new approach for modelling energy flows in complex energy systems with parallel supply of fresh water and electricity. Such systems consist of renewable energy sources (RES), desalination plant, conventional power plants and the residual brine storage which is used as energy storage. The presented method is treating energy vectors in the system as control variables to provide the optimal solution in terms of the lowest critical excess of electricity production (CEEP) and h ighest possible share of RES in the supply mix. The optimal solution for supplying the demands for fresh water and electricity is always found within the framework of model constraints which are derived from the physical limitations of the system. The presented method enables the optimization of energy flows for a larger period of time. This increases the role of energy storage when higher integration of RES in the supply mix. The method is tested on a hypothetical case of Jordan for different levels of ins talled wind and PV capacities, as well as different sizes of the brine storage. Results show that increasing the optimization horizon from one hour to 24 hours can reduce the CEEP by 80% and allow the increase of RES in the supply mix by more than 5% without violating the CEEP threshold limit of 5%. The activity of the energy (brine) storage is crucial for achieving this goal. * Corresponding author; email: luka.perkovic@fsb.hr; tel. +385 1 6168494
KeywordsOptimal energy flows; renewable energy sources (RES); desalination plant; energy storage; critical excess of electricity production (CEEP)
Research highlights a new methodology for optimal management of energy systems is proposed critical excess of electricity production is reduced by optimizing the energy flows at the same time, the curtailment from the RES can be decreased
Nomenclature
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