Estimation of the hemolytic effects of various organotin compounds by structure–activity relationships

Abstract

The hemolytic effects of 27 organotin compounds, which are environmental pollutants, were studied with rabbit erythrocytes. Various EC50 values caused by differences in their chemical structures were observed. The hemolytic activities of tri‐n‐butyltins and triphenyltins were higher than that of sodium‐n‐dodecyl sulfate, and the hemolysis by tri‐n‐butyltin chloride proceeded rapidly. Tri‐n‐butyltin chloride showed the highest hemolytic activity (EC50 = 7.48 μM). Methyltin compounds were less active (EC50>364 μM) than any other organotin compound tested. No significant difference in hemolytic activity based on divergences of the anionic functional group which was attached to each triorganotin compound was observed. A structure–activity relationship study was carried out in order to predict EC50 values of a series of tested organotin compounds, using various descriptors which represent their physicochemical properties or molecular structures. In the multiparametric regression analysis, the best regression equation (r= 0.854) for estimation of their hemolytic effects was obtained by adopting the descriptors Index Value (IV), Mean Information Index (I Dw) and Molecular Connectivity Index (0χp).

The influence of tin compounds on the dynamic properties of liposome membranes: A study using the ESR method

“…For lower concentrations, the changes in the parameter were of chaotic nature and remained within the range of values from 0% to 2.5%. Similar results were obtained for compounds of Class I, the difference being that (C 3 H 7 ) 3 SnCl induced greater changes in the parameter (about 4%) in comparison with the changes induced by admixtures of SnCl 2 (about 1%). Similar tendencies were observed in the changes in the spectroscopic parameter t of the 16-DOXYL probe (the value of the parameter being inversely proportional to the rotation speed of the probe) induced by admixtures of the investigated compounds.…”

“…Alkyl compounds of tin are particularly toxic, and the more methyl groups they contain, the more harmful they are. Among their other effects, organic compounds of tin inhibit the process of oxidative phosporylation and accelerate the hemolysis of erythrocytes [1][2][3]. They also change the physical properties of lipid model membranes.…”

Toxicity of butyltin, phenyltin and inorganic tin compounds to sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from anoxic marine sediments

“…25 However, it can be noted that recent studies [40][41][42] did not find any significant correlation between OT toxicity and different molecular descriptors. The occurrence of such a relationship, which could be fortuitous, remains controversial, particularly regarding the different bacterial groups.…”

A Synergistic Effect of Select Organotin Compounds and Ionic Surfactants on Liposome Membranes

“…[9][10][11] The toxic properties of organotin compounds depend on the biological object and on the chemical structure of the compounds. [12][13][14] Toxicity of trialkyltin compounds has been confirmed in the case of mammals and algae, [15][16][17] for instance. Since these compounds are soluble in organic solvents, this property could lead to the hypothesis that the primary step in organotin action could be solubilization in the phospholipid bilayer.…”