Estimasi Parameter Genetik Sifat Produksi Sapi Simmental di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul Sapi Potong Padang Mengatas, Sumatera Barat (Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Production Characteristics on Simmental Cattle at Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggulan

Abstract

INTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi parameter genetik sifat produksi, nilai pemuliaan (NP), hubungan rasio berat sapih (RBS) dengan nilai pemuliaan serta estimasi terhadap kemampuan berproduksi induk (MPPA) sapi Simmental yang dipelihara di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul Sapi Potong Padang Mengatas. Data yang digunakan adalah recording berat lahir (BL), berat sapih (BS), pertambahan berat badan harian (PBBH) lepas sapih dan berat setahunan ( Dari 18 ekor pejantan, 10 ekor (55,56%) memiliki NP lebih tinggi dari nilai rata-rata populasi yaitu 142,21 kg dan sisanya 7 ekor (44,44%) berada di bawah rata-rata populasi. Frekuensi NP calon pejantan dan calon induk yang berada di atas rata-rata berat sapih adalah sebanyak 210 ekor (44,68%), sedangkan 260 ekor (55,32%) berada di bawah rata-rata berat sapih populasi yang terkoreksi terhadap umur induk, yaitu 130,21 kg. Sebaran NP absolut berkisar dari 112,77 kg hingga 155,91 kg. Nilai pemuliaan jantan memiliki frekuensi di atas rata-rata lebih besar dari betina yaitu 149 ekor (66,22%) jantan dan 61 ekor (24,90%). Frekuensi MPPA di atas rata-rata berat sapih populasi adalah sebanyak 150 ekor (41,67%) dan sisanya sebanyak 210 ekor ( 58,33%) berada di bawah rata-rata. Rasio berat sapih memiliki korelasi positif dan signifikan (1,00 ** ) dengan NP. Dari penelitian disimpulkan jika seekor sapi memiliki RBS tinggi diharapkan akan memiliki NP yang tinggi pula, sebaliknya, jika RBS rendah maka NP yang diharapkan juga rendah sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai kriteria seleksi.(Kata kunci: Sapi Simmental, Parameter genetik, Nilai pemuliaan, Daya produksi induk, Rasio berat sapih) , WW, YW and ADG were 0.11±0.09; 0.39±0.16; 0.43±0.19; and 0.46±0.20, respectively. The r of BW, WW, YW and ADG, were 0.25±0.16; 0.32±0.18; 0.25±0.22; and 0.34±0.16, 0.46±0.33; 0.2 ±0.39; 0.68±0.16; 0.006±0.30 and 0.57±0.21, respectively. From 18 Bulls, 10 bulls (55.56%) ABSTRACT The objectives of this research were to estimate the genetic parameters of production characteristics, breeding value (BV), weaning weight ratio (WWR) correlation with BV and most probable producing ability (MPPA) of Simmental cattle reared at Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul Sapi Potong Padang Mengatas. Research was based on records of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), post weaning average daily gain (ADG) and yearling weight (YW) from 2002 to 2007. Heritability value (h 2 ) was estimated for BV, WW, ADG and YW using paternal-half sib correlation and repeatability value (r) of characteristics of both using intra class correlation. The genetic correlation (r G ) of BW-WW, WW-YW, WW-ADG, WW-YW, WW-ADG and YW-ADG were analyzed by variance and covariance. BV and MPPA estimation was base on record of weaning weight. The h 2 value of BW

Genetic Parameters for Growth Traits in Ongole Grade Cattle

“…This showed that the selection of OG cattle based on these three traits (especially weaning weight) will produce quite high accuracy as well. The heritability estimate of birth weight in this study was lower than that of the result reported by Fathoni et al [13] for OG cattle in Kebumen Regency, namely 0.76 ± 0.12 and the results of research by Kaswati et al [14] in Bali cattle, namely 0.85 ± 0.44, the result reported by Karnaen [15] in Madura cattle, namely 0.33 ± 0.24, the result reported by Suhada et al [16] in Simental cattle, namely 0.11 ± 0.09 , the result reported by Estrada-León et al [17], namely 0.41 ± 0.09, and the research results of Putra et al ( 2014) [18] in Aceh cattle, namely 0.15 ± 0.13. The heritability value of birth weight of PO cattle as a result of this study is in agreement with the results of Lopez et al [19] research on Hanwoo cattle, which was 0.22 ± 0.02.…”

“…The heritability estimate of the weaning weight of this study was greater than that of Fathoni et al [13] in OG cattle, namely 0.36 ± 0.21, the results of Suhada et al [16] in Simental cattle, namely 0.39 ± 0.16, the results of Putra's research in Aceh cattle, namely 0.48 ± 0.58, and from the result of Estrada-León et al [17], namely 0.43 ± 0.09, but lower than the results of Karnaen [15] research in Madura cattle, namely 0.87 ± 0.45. The heritability estimate of the weaning weight of this study was not different form that of Lopez et al [19] result on Hanwoo cattle, which was 0.51 ± 0.03.…”

“…These results were higher than that of Fathoni et al [13] who reported that the genetic correlation between BW and WW of OG cattle in Kebumen Regency was 0.42 ± 0.67. Suhada et al [16] reported the value of the genetic correlation between the same growth variables of Simmental cattle reared at the Upper Padang Mangatas Beef Cattle Breeding Center were 0.29 ± 0.37, 0.68 ± 0.16, and 0.46 ± 0.33, respectively.…”