Equity in REDD+: Varying logics in Tanzania

Rantala, Salla; Kontinen, Tiina; Korhonen-Kurki, Kaisa; Mustalahti, Irmeli

doi:10.1002/eet.1669

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The exception was Tanzania, where, in most initiatives, village level organizations were most common. This may reflect the way in which Norwegian funding for REDD+ in Tanzania specifically targeted local capacity building, in order to move forward while national institutions and rules for REDD+ were still being developed (Rantala et al 2015 ). In the short-run, the hollow core does not appear to have been a major stumbling block for initiatives: there were no village organizations and relatively few subnational organizations involved in implementation of initiatives that were certified and that sold credits (one definition of “success”).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond opportunity costs: who bears the implementation costs of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation?

Luttrell

Sills

Aryani

et al. 2017

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) in developing countries is based on the premise that conserving tropical forests is a cost-effective way to reduce carbon emissions and therefore can be fully funded by international actors with obligations or interests in reducing emissions. However, concerns have repeatedly been raised about whether stakeholders in REDD+ host countries will actually end up bearing the costs of REDD+. Most prior analyses of the costs of REDD+ have focused on the opportunity costs of foregone alternative uses of forest land. We draw on a pan-tropical study of 22 subnational REDD+ initiatives in five countries to explore patterns in implementation costs, including which types of organizations are involved and which are sharing the costs of implementing REDD+. We find that many organizations involved in the implementation of REDD+, particularly at the subnational level and in the public sector, are bearing implementation costs not covered by the budgets of the REDD+ initiatives. To sustain this level of cost-sharing, REDD+ must be designed to deliver local as well as global forest benefits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond opportunity costs: who bears the implementation costs of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation?

Luttrell

Sills

Aryani

et al. 2017

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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show abstract

“…Environmentalism is seen as essential for equity, human rights, well-being [93], and civic participation [94]. Social and societal equity are linked to environmentalism [95,96], environmental stewardship [97][98][99][100] and environmental governance [100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]. There are various measures for equity [110,112] that are employed to evaluate sustainability-related actions [113].…”

Section: Environment and Edimentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impact of Environmental Activism: A Survey and a Scoping Review

Wolbring

Gill

2023

Sustainability

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Environmental issues increasingly impact the well-being, the ability to have a good life, of people, especially members of marginalized groups. Dealing with environmental issues is a long-standing and increasing focus of activism. Youth are increasingly involved in environmental activism. One focus of environmental education is how to instill the role of being a change agent into students. Marginalized groups experience many problems in relation to environmental issues, and environmental activism impacts the lived experience of marginalized groups in diverse ways. A pre-study scoping review suggested a gap in academic inquiry around “the impact of environmental activism”. The aim of our study was to decrease this gap and to better understand the perceived impact of environmental activism. We used two approaches to achieve this aim. In the first step, we used a survey to ask undergraduate students about their views on the impact of environmental activism. Given the results of the survey and that students need access to information to be able to fulfill their roles as critical thinkers and change agents, we then performed a scoping review of abstracts from Scopus, Web of Science, and the 70 databases accessible through EBSCO-HOST to ascertain what topics and which marginalized groups are engaged with in the academic inquiry of environmental activism. We found that participants felt that environmental activism has an impact on all the social groups and entities we gave them as choices, although there were differences in how positively they viewed the different groups and entities being affected. The participants also indicated that many of the well-being indicators were impacted by environmental activism, although around 30% felt that they did not have information they needed to form an opinion. Finally, our participants felt that different social groups have different ability expectations. Our scoping review found that many of the groups and indicators that our participants felt were impacted by environmental activism were not covered in the abstracts we analyzed. Our findings suggest many gaps and the need for actions and opportunities in relation to the topic of the “impact of environmental activism”.

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“…More recently a small but growing number of scholars have been drawing on sociological perspectives to study the processes and outcomes of laws. These studies have looked at issues such as participation, power, equity, legitimacy and efficacy of forest policies (Sandström, Crona, and Bodin 2014;Rantala et al 2015;van der Hoff et al 2015). The wide range of topics has also been accompanied by theoretical perspectives that emphasize the role of discourses (Leipold 2014), institutional logics (Froger and Méral 2012) and blame-games (Rajão and Georgiadou 2014) in shaping environmental governance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriations, conflicts and subversions: the social construction of the Brazilian Forest Code

Rajão

Carvalho

Merry³

2020

Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society

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It is often said that Brazil has some of the most advanced forest laws in the world, but this strong legislation has been rarely translated into effective environmental governance. To understand the challenges of implementing environmental policies in Brazil and elsewhere, this study conceptualizes the Forest Code as a socially constructed technology, the effects of which emerge from its specific uses. We find that, in contrast to the prevailing view of this law as having no effects in practice, it produced multiple and contradictory impacts due to its appropriation by different social groups. For the technocrats, the law was a partial success as it represented progress towards science-based territorial planning. For the Rural elite the Forest Code was used as way to block access of poor settlers to fertile public areas to preserve future elite agricultural expansion. Finally, settlers viewed the Code as a way to obtain official clearing authorizations used to substantiate future titling claims. From this examination, the article argues that the prevailing economic and legalist perspectives on the effectiveness of environmental policies need to be complemented by sociological perspectives in order to account for the nondeterministic character of scientific perspectives, laws and the social dynamics behind the multiple appropriations of state apparatuses. By understanding how laws, as technologies, are interpreted and appropriated by different social actors we will be able to contribute by proposing legal apparatuses that are more appropriate for the local context in which they are supposed to function. Apropriaçoẽs, conflitos e subversoẽs do Código Florestal Brasileiro Costuma-se dizer que o Brasil possui algumas das leis florestais mais avançadas do mundo, mas essa forte legislação raramente se traduz em uma governança ambiental eficaz. Para entender os desafios na implementação de politicas ambientais no Brasil e em outros KEYWORDS Socio-environmental conflicts; Brazil; Forest Code; social construction of technology; law as technology PALAVRAS-CHAVE Conflitos socio-ambientais; Brasil; Código Florestal; construção social da tecnologia; lei como tecnologia PALABRAS CLAVE Conflictos socio-ambientales; Brasil; Código Forestal; construcción social de la tecnología; ley como tecnología

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Equity in REDD+: Varying logics in Tanzania

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Beyond opportunity costs: who bears the implementation costs of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation?

Beyond opportunity costs: who bears the implementation costs of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation?

Potential Impact of Environmental Activism: A Survey and a Scoping Review

Appropriations, conflicts and subversions: the social construction of the Brazilian Forest Code

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