Enzyme sensor for L-lactate with a chitosan-mercury film electrode

An enzyme immobilization platform for biosensor designs of direct electrochemistry using flower-like ZnO crystals and nano-sized gold particles

“…Herein, chitosan as a natural polysaccharide polymer with amine groups has been widely demonstrated to have excellent film-forming feature. In particular, it can allow for amine reaction-based adsorption or binding to nano-materials (especially Nanogold) and biomolecules in many biosensing applications [26][27][28][29][30][31]. On the other hand, ZnO crystals were synthesized by a hydrothermal method proposed in our previous report [12].…”

Amperometric determination of xanthine in fish meat by zinc oxide nanoparticle/chitosan/multiwalled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite film bound xanthine oxidase

“…[26][27][28] Among the metal oxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have been exploited as a potential material for biosensing, because of their unusual properties i.e. 30,31 In the present study, we report the construction and application of a xanthine biosensor based on covalent immobilization of xanthine oxidase (XOD) on a ZnO-NP/CHIT/c-MWCNT/PANI composite film synthesized electrochemically on a platinum (Pt) electrode. 29 The excellent film-forming ability, good adhesion, biocompatibility, and high mechanical strength of CHIT membrane have made it a useful support for immobilization of biomolecules during the recent years.…”

A review on amperometric-type immunosensors based on screen-printed electrodes

“…[139][140][141][142] The biomolecules can be immobilized in a chitosan membrane by adsorption [143][144][145][146][147] or crosslinking. [148][149][150][151][152][153] Yu et al 87 modied the WE of an SPCE by dropping a solution of 1 : 1 volume of chitosan solution in acetic acid (1%; wt%) and horseradish peroxidase conjugated to a-1-fetoprotein (HRP-AFP) solution followed by drying and washing. He beautifully demonstrated the role of chitosan in immobilizing biomolecules by comparing the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of chitosan, bare SPCE, HRP-AFP antibody-doped chitosanmembrane-modied SPCE and unmodied SPCE dipped in HRP-AFP antibody solution respectively (Fig.…”