Electrospark Method in Galvanic Wastewater Treatment for Heavy Metal Removal

Abstract

The objective of this research is to improve water treatment use of the electric spark method. Studies on the treatment of multicomponent galvanic effluent by the electric spark method using metal loading (Fe, Al) and low-voltage (up to 1000 V) equipment have been carried out. The factors that have the largest influence on the degree of galvanic wastewaters purification are the conditions and parameters of the discharge pulse—an efficiency of approximately 0.8–0.85 has a specific energy, which at moderate concentrations of pollutants can be less than 65 kJ/dm3 (18 kWh/m3)—and the metal loading height. Other variable technological parameters can serve either as scaling tools or as methods for regulating the operation of electrical equipment. The research shows that the degree of purification depends on the specific energy and the height of the metal loading of the reactor, and it weakly depends on the pulse energy and the speed of its input. The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn2+, Cr6++Cr3+, Cu2+) in the treated water are significantly lower than their maximal permissible concentrations. The electric spark method allows us to achieve highly efficient results of wastewater treatment from heavy metals.

Remediation of Heavy Metals from Galvanic Wastewater Using Cow Bone Char as Low Cost Adsorbent

“…The batch experiment was performed in triplicates in accordance to the steps outlined in previous study [2,14].…”

“…INTRODUCTION 1 Galvanized wastewater is one of the highly rated toxic wastewater because of its heavy metal contents, organic substances and surfactants, and can be considered among the most polluting wastewater difficult to treat. Therefore, requires special treatment in order to reduce the pollutants' concentration before disposal [1][2][3]. Indiscriminate disposal of galvanized wastewater into the environment contaminates the soil, surface and groundwater and it has been reported to be one of the leading activators of cancer and cardiovascular diseases *Corresponding Author Email: raolaoye@lautech.edu.ng (R. A.…”

“…Several techniques had been employed for the treatment of galvanized wastewater, these include chemical coagulation/flocculation, microfiltratio n , ultrafiltration, nano-filtration, reverse osmosis, chelating, polyelectrolytes, ionic exchange -electric arc furnace [3][4][5]9]. Most of these techniques are slow, associated with high consumption of reagents and generation of sludge that require disposal in a special engineered landfill which often result in high cost, considerable investment and operating costs, some require large processing areas [2]. The use of locally sourced agricultural by-products like moringa, orange peel, cassava peel, orange peel, banana peel, plum leaves, guava fruits etc.…”

“…Magnetic nanoparticles had been utilized to obtain 95% of Zn 2+ removal from galvanic wastewater [21]. Electric spark method using metal loading (Fe, Al) and low-voltage (up to 1000 V) equipment had been employed reduce the concentrations of Zn 2+ , Cr 6+ , Cr 3+ , Cu 2+ from multicomponent galvanic wastewater [2]. These turned out to be economically inexpedient due to high cost and limited resource of high -voltage equipment, increased danger and low process productivity.…”

Neutralization of Industrial Water by Electrodialysis

“…To neutralize acidic waters, the following can be used: NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO 3 , ammonia water, CaCO3, and MgCO 3 , and for alkaline waters—various acids or acid gases, for example, waste gases containing CO 2 , SO 2 , NO 2 , N 2 O 3 , etc. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”