Electrochemical sensors and biosensors based on the use of polyaniline and its nanocomposites: a review on recent advances

Shoaie, Nahid; Daneshpour, Maryam; Azimzadeh, Mostafa; Mahshid, Sara; Khoshfetrat, Seyyed Mehdi; Jahanpeyma, Fatemeh; Gholaminejad, Alieh; Omidfar, Kobra; Foruzandeh, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s00604-019-3588-1

Cited by 150 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most studied conducting polymers. It has a wide range of applications, including wastewater processing [1,2], catalysis [2], sensing [3][4][5][6], biomedical [5,7,8], optical [9] and electrochemical [9][10][11][12][13] applications. Many of these areas require PANI in the form of a thin film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Stages of Chemical and Electrochemical Aniline Oxidation—Spectroscopic Comparative Study

2020

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There are several types of aniline oligomers that can be formed in the early stages of aniline oxidation: linear oligomers with repeating units joined in para positions, and various branched and polycyclic oligomers, being the two most important groups. The fraction of these different oligomeric groups depends upon the reaction conditions of aniline oxidation. The aim of this study was to analyze the first products of the chemical and electrochemical oxidation of aniline at the (starting) pH 1 and 7, in order to specify the conditions of the formation of phenazine-like oligomers, and to test the theory that they have an important role in polyaniline film formation. We have confirmed that phenazine-like oligomers do not form at pH 1, neither in the chemical nor the electrochemical oxidation of aniline; however, they form in both chemical and electrochemical oxidation of aniline at pH 7. Phenazine-like oligomers are thus definitely not necessary intermediates for PANI film formation, not even in the chemical polymerization of aniline. Finally, the redox behavior of phenazine-like oligomers was demonstrated in a medium at pH 1.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Stages of Chemical and Electrochemical Aniline Oxidation—Spectroscopic Comparative Study

2020

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“…Besides glucose, PANI has been employed in various chemosensing and biosensing platforms, e.g., in the detection of cancer biomarkers, bacteria, infectious diseases, heavy metals, drugs, phenolics, pesticides, sulfites, acrylamides, etc. [34]. Like other conducting and non-conducting polymers, composites of PANI with other CPs, metallic nanoparticles, graphene, CNTs, etc.…”

Section: Electrochemical Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Conducting Polymers and Their Composites for Electrochemical Biosensing Applications

Luong

Narayan

Solanki

et al. 2020

JFB

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Conducting polymers (CPs) have been at the center of research owing to their metal-like electrochemical properties and polymer-like dispersion nature. CPs and their composites serve as ideal functional materials for diversified biomedical applications like drug delivery, tissue engineering, and diagnostics. There have also been numerous biosensing platforms based on polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), polythiophene (PTP), and their composites. Based on their unique properties and extensive use in biosensing matrices, updated information on novel CPs and their role is appealing. This review focuses on the properties and performance of biosensing matrices based on CPs reported in the last three years. The salient features of CPs like PANI, PPY, PTP, and their composites with nanoparticles, carbon materials, etc. are outlined along with respective examples. A description of mediator conjugated biosensor designs and enzymeless CPs based glucose sensing has also been included. The future research trends with required improvements to improve the analytical performance of CP-biosensing devices have also been addressed.

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“…To this effect, a variety of parameters influencing the extended improvements to nanosensors have been assessed. These include, but are not limited to, the increased sensitivity, increased selectivity, lower detection limit, fast response time, good linearity, stability and the extended lifetime [ 47 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ], as shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Performance Parameters Of Nanosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications on the Detection of Trace Metals in Environmental Water Samples

Munonde

Nomngongo

2020

Sensors

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The elevated concentrations of various trace metals beyond existing guideline recommendations in water bodies have promoted research on the development of various electrochemical nanosensors for the trace metals’ early detection. Inspired by the exciting physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, advanced functional nanocomposites with improved sensitivity, sensitivity and stability, amongst other performance parameters, have been synthesized, characterized, and applied on the detection of various trace metals in water matrices. Nanocomposites have been perceived as a solution to address a critical challenge of distinct nanomaterials that are limited by agglomerations, structure stacking leading to aggregations, low conductivity, and limited porous structure for electrolyte access, amongst others. In the past few years, much effort has been dedicated to the development of various nanocomposites such as; electrochemical nanosensors for the detection of trace metals in water matrices. Herein, the recent progress on the development of nanocomposites classified according to their structure as carbon nanocomposites, metallic nanocomposites, and metal oxide/hydroxide nanocomposites is summarized, alongside their application as electrochemical nanosensors for trace metals detection in water matrices. Some perspectives on the development of smart electrochemical nanosensors are also introduced.

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Electrochemical sensors and biosensors based on the use of polyaniline and its nanocomposites: a review on recent advances

Cited by 150 publications

References 174 publications

The First Stages of Chemical and Electrochemical Aniline Oxidation—Spectroscopic Comparative Study

The First Stages of Chemical and Electrochemical Aniline Oxidation—Spectroscopic Comparative Study

Recent Advances of Conducting Polymers and Their Composites for Electrochemical Biosensing Applications

Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications on the Detection of Trace Metals in Environmental Water Samples

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