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Advances in screening, manufacturing and humanization technologies demonstrate that phage display derived products can play a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The effects of this technology are inevitable in the development pipeline for bringing therapeutics into the market, and this number is expected to rise significantly in the future as new advances continue to take place in display methods. Furthermore, a widespread application of this methodology is predicted in different medical technological areas, including biosensing, monitoring, molecular imaging, gene therapy, vaccine development and nanotechnology.

BackgroundObesity is a major health concern in the Middle East and worldwide. It is among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, health care utilization, and costs. With bariatric surgery proving to be a more effective treatment option for overweight and obesity, the need for systematic assessment of different procedures and their outcomes becomes necessary. These procedures have not yet been described in detail in our region.ObjectiveWe aim to undertake a prospective study evaluating and comparing several surgical bariatric procedures in an Iranian population of morbid obese patients presenting to a specialized bariatric center.MethodsIn order to facilitate and accelerate understanding of obesity and its complications, the Tehran Obesity Treatment Study (TOTS) was planned and developed. This study is a longitudinal prospective cohort study in consecutive patients undergoing bariatric surgery. TOTS investigators use standardized definitions, high-fidelity data collection system, and validated instruments to gather data preoperatively, at the time of surgery, postoperatively, and in longer-term follow-up.ResultsThis study has recruited 1050 participants as of September 2015 and is ongoing.ConclusionsThis study will ensure creation of high-level evidence to enable clinicians to make meaningful evidence-based decisions for patient evaluation, selection for surgery, and follow-up care.

Fabrication and characterisation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) through reducing agents and different capped agents are one of their most attractive applications in biomedicine. GNPs are coated using various agents such as carbohydrate, amino acids, peptides and proteins. These capped gold nanoparticles (C-GNPs) are applied for wide different applications including drug delivery in the recent decade and potential treatment and diagnosis in drug delivery systems (DDS). Recent studies have shown that these novel compounds and conjugated-nanoparticles drugs play a key role for the promising cure of high-risk refractory diseases. In addition, it seems that these compounds have a capability for potential treatment of certain cancers. In this review, a well-defined description of C-GNPs and the application of these nanoparticles are discussed. Our study revealed that C-GNPs with anticancer drugs or new compounds could be potentially applied for biomedical usage especially in cancer therapy.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths all over the world. miR-106a is a circulatory oncogenic microRNA (miRNA), which overexpresses in various malignancies, especially in GC. In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical nanobiosensor was developed for the detection of miR-106a using a double-specific probe methodology and a gold–magnetic nanocomposite as tracing tag. The successful modification of the electrode and hybridization with the target miRNA were confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) methods. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used for quantitative evaluation of miR-106a via recording the reduction peak current of gold nanoparticles. The electrochemical signal had a linear relationship with the concentration of the target miRNA ranging from 1 × 10−3 pM to 1 × 103 pM, and the detection limit was 3 × 10−4 pM. The proposed miRNA-nanobiosensor showed remarkable selectivity, high specificity, agreeable storage stability, and great performance in real sample investigation with no pretreatment or amplification. Consequently, our biosensing strategy offers such a promising application to be used for clinical early detection of GC and additionally the screen of any miRNA sequence.

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