Abstract:A novel transcription factor, EjNAC3, is involved in chilling-induced lignification in loquat via direct interaction with a CAD-like gene, which differs from other ‘master-switch’ NAC genes.
“…This suggests that miR164 regulates the expression of AdNAC6/7, and then influences the ripening-related genes and thus fruit ripening (e.g. ethylene production, cell wall degradation and aroma synthesis (Zhong et al, 2010;Nieuwenhuizen et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2017). These are present within the promoters of AdACS1, AdACO1, AdMAN1 and AaTPS1 (Fig.…”
Section: New Phytologistmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…CGT, are predicted cis-regulatory sites (Zhong et al, 2010;Nieuwenhuizen et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2017). These are present within the promoters of AdACS1, AdACO1, AdMAN1 and AaTPS1 (Fig.…”
Section: Motifs For Nac Transcription Factors [Ta]nn[ct][tcg] Tnnnnnmentioning
Summary
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a climacteric fruit with high sensitivity to ethylene, influenced by multiple ethylene‐responsive structural genes and transcription factors. However, the roles of other post‐transcriptional regulators (e.g. miRNAs) necessary for ripening remain elusive.
High‐throughput sequencing sRNAome, degradome and transcriptome methods were used to identify further contributors to ripening control in the kiwifruit (A. deliciosa cv ‘Hayward’).
Two NAM/ATAF/CUC domain transcription factors (AdNAC6 and AdNAC7), both predicted targets for miR164, showed significant upregulation by exogenous ethylene. Gene expression analysis and luciferase reporter assays indicated that Ade‐miR164 and one of its precursor miRNAs (Ade‐MIR164b) were repressed by ethylene treatment and negatively correlated with AdNAC6/7 expression. Subsequent analysis indicated that both AdNAC6 and AdNAC7 proteins are transcriptional activators and physically bind the promoters of AdACS1 (1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase), AdACO1 (1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid oxidase), AdMAN1 (endo‐β‐mannanase) and AaTPS1 (terpene synthase). Moreover, subcellular analysis indicated that the location of the AdNAC6/7 proteins was influenced by Ade‐miR164.
Multiple omics‐based approaches revealed a novel regulatory link for fruit ripening that involved ethylene‐miR164‐NAC. The regulatory pathway for miR164‐NAC is present in various fruit (e.g. Rosaceae fruit, citrus, grape), with implications for fruit ripening regulation.
“…This suggests that miR164 regulates the expression of AdNAC6/7, and then influences the ripening-related genes and thus fruit ripening (e.g. ethylene production, cell wall degradation and aroma synthesis (Zhong et al, 2010;Nieuwenhuizen et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2017). These are present within the promoters of AdACS1, AdACO1, AdMAN1 and AaTPS1 (Fig.…”
Section: New Phytologistmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…CGT, are predicted cis-regulatory sites (Zhong et al, 2010;Nieuwenhuizen et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2017). These are present within the promoters of AdACS1, AdACO1, AdMAN1 and AaTPS1 (Fig.…”
Section: Motifs For Nac Transcription Factors [Ta]nn[ct][tcg] Tnnnnnmentioning
Summary
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a climacteric fruit with high sensitivity to ethylene, influenced by multiple ethylene‐responsive structural genes and transcription factors. However, the roles of other post‐transcriptional regulators (e.g. miRNAs) necessary for ripening remain elusive.
High‐throughput sequencing sRNAome, degradome and transcriptome methods were used to identify further contributors to ripening control in the kiwifruit (A. deliciosa cv ‘Hayward’).
Two NAM/ATAF/CUC domain transcription factors (AdNAC6 and AdNAC7), both predicted targets for miR164, showed significant upregulation by exogenous ethylene. Gene expression analysis and luciferase reporter assays indicated that Ade‐miR164 and one of its precursor miRNAs (Ade‐MIR164b) were repressed by ethylene treatment and negatively correlated with AdNAC6/7 expression. Subsequent analysis indicated that both AdNAC6 and AdNAC7 proteins are transcriptional activators and physically bind the promoters of AdACS1 (1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase), AdACO1 (1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid oxidase), AdMAN1 (endo‐β‐mannanase) and AaTPS1 (terpene synthase). Moreover, subcellular analysis indicated that the location of the AdNAC6/7 proteins was influenced by Ade‐miR164.
Multiple omics‐based approaches revealed a novel regulatory link for fruit ripening that involved ethylene‐miR164‐NAC. The regulatory pathway for miR164‐NAC is present in various fruit (e.g. Rosaceae fruit, citrus, grape), with implications for fruit ripening regulation.
“…Single-strand oligonucleotides were synthesized and biotinylated by GeneBio Biotech. The details of the EMSA are provided by Ge et al (2017). The probes used for EMSAs are listed in Supplemental Table S6.…”
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone is a major contributor to the aroma of strawberry ( × ) fruit, and the last step in its biosynthesis is catalyzed by strawberry quinone oxidoreductase (FaQR). Here, an ethylene response factor (FaERF#9) was characterized as a positive regulator of the promoter. Linear regression analysis indicated that transcript levels were correlated significantly with both transcripts and furanone content in different strawberry cultivars. Transient overexpression of in strawberry fruit significantly increased expression and furaneol production. Yeast one-hybrid assays, however, indicated that FaERF#9 by itself did not bind to the promoter. An MYB transcription factor (FaMYB98) identified in yeast one-hybrid screening of the strawberry cDNA library was capable of both binding to the promoter and activating the transcription of by ∼5.6-fold. Yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation confirmed a direct protein-protein interaction between FaERF#9 and FaMYB98, and in combination, they activated the promoter 14-fold in transactivation assays. These results indicate that an ERF-MYB complex containing FaERF#9 and FaMYB98 activates the promoter and up-regulates 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone biosynthesis in strawberry.
“…Single-strand oligonucleotides were synthesized and 3 0 -biotin-end-labelled by HuaGene. The details of the EMSA experiment can be found in Ge et al (2017). The EMSA probes are listed in Table S2.…”
Section: Recombinant Protein and Emsa Analysismentioning
The RAV (related to ABI3/viviparous 1) group of transcription factors (TFs) play multifaceted roles in plant development and stress responses. Here, we show that strawberry (Fragaria 9 ananassa) FaRAV1 positively regulates anthocyanin accumulation during fruit ripening via a hierarchy of activation processes. Dual-luciferase assay screening of all fruit-expressed AP2/ ERFs showed FaRAV1 had the highest transcriptional activation of the promoter of FaMYB10, a key activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that FaRAV1 could directly bind to the promoter of FaMYB10. Transient overexpression of FaRAV1 in strawberry fruit increased FaMYB10 expression and anthocyanin production significantly. Correspondingly, transient RNA interference-induced silencing of FaRAV1 led to decreases in FaMYB10 expression and anthocyanin content. Transcriptome analysis of FaRAV1-overexpressing strawberry fruit revealed that transcripts of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes were up-regulated. Luciferase assays showed that FaRAV1 could also activate the promoters of strawberry anthocyanin biosynthetic genes directly, revealing a second level of FaRAV1 action in promoting anthocyanin accumulation. These results show that FaRAV1 stimulates anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry both by direct activation of anthocyanin pathway gene promoters and by up-regulation of FaMYB10, which also positively regulates these genes.
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