Efficient and Reproducible Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with Low-Loss Interconnecting Layers

Xu, Chen; Jia, Ziyan; Chen, Zeng; Jiang, Tingming; Bai, Lizhong; Tao, Feng; Chen, Jianwu; Chen, Xinya; Li, Tianyu; Xu, Xuehui; Yang, Chenying; Shen, Weidong; Sha, Wei E. I.; Zhu, Haiming; Yang, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.06.006

Cited by 143 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…State‐of‐the‐art perovskite‐based TSCs with CQDs, polymer based and GaAs bottom cells. Schematic representations and I – V characteristics of perovskite‐based TSCs reported using a,b) CQD bottom cell by Chen et al., [ 196 ] c–d) organic bottom cell by Chen et al., [ 336 ] and e,f) GaAS bottom cell 4T and g,h) 2T TSCs by Li ad co‐workers. [ 338 ] The devices are discussed in the text.…”

Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 328–335 ] Very recently, Chen et al. [ 336 ] (Figure 26c,d) demonstrated a monolithic perovskite/organic TSC with a PCE of 20.6%. The perovskite top cell and the organic bottom cell were fabricated using orthogonal processing solvents, and were interconnected by thermally evaporated layer stack consisting of BCP/ Ag nanoparticles/MoO x .…”

Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near‐Infrared‐Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells and Perovskite‐Based Tandem Photovoltaics

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production have resulted in the reduction of production cost and has facilitated the growth of solar PV technology. [2-6] To make the PV technology more costcompetitive compared to other conventional sources of energy and to further fuel its rapid deployment, the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of a PV system needs to be reduced. In a PV system, apart from PV modules, other constituent components such as mounting unit, wiring, inverters, and battery storage constitute about 55% of the total cost. [7,8] These components are generally referred to as the balance of system (BOS). The BOS cost scales proportionally with the area of solar panel installation. An ideal way to reduce the LCOE is by increasing the efficiency of the PV modules. [8] The efficiency of well-established solar cell technologies (Figure 1) such as crystalline silicon (c-Si), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) are progressing toward the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit, leaving limited room for further improvement in their performance. The thermalization and non-absorption losses incurred in these solar cells mainly restrict their spectral utilization and, consequently, their performance. However, the thermalization losses incurred in single-junction solar cells can be mitigated by combining a wide-bandgap cell with a lowbandgap cell in a multijunction solar cell design, which possesses the ability to achieve efficiencies that surpass the S-Q limit of single-junction solar cells. The practical implementation of multijunction solar cells (MJSCs) utilizing III-V materials have achieved great success in the past. [9] Under 1 sun illumination, LG Electronics and Sharp Corporation have demonstrated monolithic two-terminal MJSC devices using 2-junction (InGaP/GaAs) and 3-junction (InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs) absorber layers to attain power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 32.8% [10] and 37.8% [11] respectively. In 2013, Spectrolab utilized a direct bonding technique to grow a lattice-matched 5-junction monolithic MJSC device and demonstrated an efficiency of 38.8% under 1 sun illumination. [12] Very recently, NREL developed a 6-junction monolithic MJSC device to demonstrate a PCE of 39.2% under 1 sun illumination. [13] Despite achieving efficiencies beyond the S-Q limit of singlejunction solar cells, the deployment of III-V MJSCs is limited to space applications due to their high manufacturing cost coupled with slow and complicated fabrication procedures. [14] Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained tremendous attention due to their high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and potential for low-cost manufacturing. Their wide and tunable bandgap makes perovskites an ideal candidate for tandem solar cells (TSCs) with well-established narrow bandgap photovoltaic technologies, such as crystalline silicon and Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 , to boost the PCEs beyond the Shockley-Queisser limit at affordable additional cost. Although perovskite-based TSCs have shown rapid progress over the past few years, they are far from reaching the...

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Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perovskite‐based Tscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near‐Infrared‐Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells and Perovskite‐Based Tandem Photovoltaics

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“…To render the interconnect ohmic, thin layers ( 1 nm) of a metal (Ag or Au) are frequently inserted between top-and bottom-cell. 10,40 However, even a Ag-layer as thin as 1 nm already introduces significant optical losses that lower the EQE of the back-cell and the overall Jsc of the tandem cell as shown further below. Thus,…”

Section: Low-loss Recombination Interconnectmentioning

confidence: 99%

23.5% efficient monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells based on an ultra-thin metal-like metal-oxide interconnect.

Brinkmann

Becker

Zimmermann

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Multi-junction solar cells provide an avenue to overcome fundamental efficiency limits of single-junction devices. The facile bandgap tunability of metal-halide perovskite solar cells renders them attractive building blocks for multi-junction architectures. Combinations with crystalline silicon and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cells have been reported. All-perovskite tandem cells have likewise shown promising results. Meanwhile, narrow-gap non-fullerene acceptors (NFA) have revived the area of organic solar cells (OSCs) and unlocked skyrocketing efficiencies. Organic and perovskite semiconductors share similar processing technologies, which renders them attractive partners in multi junction architectures. As of yet, perovskite/organic tandem cells show subpar efficiencies of 20 per cent, limited by the low open circuit voltage (Voc) of wide-gap perovskite cells and losses introduced by the interconnect between the sub-cells. Here, we demonstrate two-terminal p-i-n perovskite/organic tandem cells with an efficiency of 23.5 per cent and a high Voc of 2.15 volts, operating near the levels predicted by a semi-empirical model. The perovskite sub-cells with optimized charge extraction layers afford an unsurpassed combination of a high Voc and fill-factor. The organic back-cells provide a high external quantum efficiency in the near-infrared. In surprising contrast to paradigmatic concerns about limited photostability of non-fullerene cells, we evidence an outstanding operational stability if excitons are predominantly generated on the NFA, which is the case in a tandem cell, where the illumination is spectrally filtered by the perovskite cell. A novel interconnect based on an ultra-thin (1.5 nanometers) metal like indium oxide layer offers unprecedented low optical/electrical losses. This work sets a new milestone for perovskite/organic tandem devices, that outperform the best p-i-n perovskite single junctions and are at par with perovskite/CIGS and all-perovskite multi-junctions. Perovskite/organic tandem architectures bear a realistic potential to reach an efficiency above 31%.

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“…In 2009, the organic-inorganic mixed lead halide perovskite solar cell (MAPbI 3 ), rst proposed by Miyasaka, became a highpotential material due to its low cost and rapid efficiency. [1][2][3] The excellent photoelectric properties 28 of perovskites are benecial to apply in various elds such as photovoltaics 4,5,31 and photoelectric detection. [6][7][8] The traditional perovskite as a light-harvesting active layer is mainly based on MAPbI 3 , which is primarily composed of MAI and lead iodide 1 : 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth process control produces high-crystallinity and complete-reaction perovskite solar cells

et al. 2020

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Efficient and Reproducible Monolithic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with Low-Loss Interconnecting Layers

Cited by 143 publications

References 55 publications

Near‐Infrared‐Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells and Perovskite‐Based Tandem Photovoltaics

Near‐Infrared‐Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells and Perovskite‐Based Tandem Photovoltaics

23.5% efficient monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells based on an ultra-thin metal-like metal-oxide interconnect.

Growth process control produces high-crystallinity and complete-reaction perovskite solar cells

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