Efficacy of Cefquinome for Treatment of Cows with Mastitis Experimentally Induced Using Escherichia coli

Abstract

The efficacy of intramuscularly and intramammarily administered cefquinome was evaluated in experimental Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows. Forty-seven multiparous, Israeli Holstein cows in early lactation that produced at least 25 L/d of milk were used, and 400 to 750 cfu of E. coli were infused into two healthy quarters of each cow. Cows were randomly assigned to one of the following treatment groups: 1) 75 mg of cefquinome administered intramammarily three times at 12-h intervals, 2) 75 mg of cefquinome administered intramammarily three times at 12-h intervals and 1 mg/kg of cefquinome administered intramuscularly two times at a 24-h interval, 3) 1 mg/kg of cefquinome administered intramuscularly two times at a 24-h interval, and 4) 75 mg of ampicillin and 200 mg of cloxacillin administered intramammarily three times at 12-h intervals. All cows developed typical signs of acute clinical mastitis by 12 to 16 h postinoculation. Parenteral cefquinome therapy, with or without intramammary cefquinome (groups 2 and 3), significantly improved clinical recovery and return to milk production. The bacteriological cure rates were considerably and significantly higher for cows in the groups treated with cefquinome than for cows in the group treated with ampicillin and cloxacillin. This study supported the efficacy of cefquinome in the treatment of clinical coliform mastitis in dairy cows.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Mammary Irrigation Regimen in Dairy Cattle Diagnosed with Acute Coliform Mastitis

“…Our results clearly demonstrated that cows receiving MIR had higher cure rates than those receiving SAA alone. These results show that MIR is more effective than suggested by previous studies, which reported the beneficial effects of systemic antibacterial therapy in cows afflicted with coliform mastitis [8,19].…”

“…Similarly, in the case of cows undergoing treatment for clinical coliform mastitis caused by gram-negative bacteria, there are reports on the possibility that antibiotic therapy can increase morbidity and mortality, which may be attributed to the release of endotoxins [4]. Therefore, although systemic antibacterial therapy may favorably influence the outcome of this disease in many cases [8,19], inappropriate choice of antibiotics may increase mortality due to the release of a large amount of endotoxins [14,20].…”

Critical parameters for the stability of cefquinome sulfate in aqueous solutions and solid phase

“…A significant enhancement of activity and an extension of the antibacterial spectrum were achieved by the introduction of a methoxyimino-aminothiazolyl moiety into the acyl side chain of the cephalosporin, which made it resistant to inactivation by b-lactamases [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The quaternary quinoline group at position 3 in the cefem ring and the resulting zwitterionic structure facilitate the rapid penetration of cefquinome across the biological membranes of animals and bacteria, ensuring its fast bactericidal action after injection.…”

“…It is also active against many strains of methicillinresistant staphylococci and enterococci. Cefquinome sulfate is often applied in the treatment of meningitis-mastitis-agalactie (MMA) [8][9][10][11].…”

Production and Characterization of Biodegradable Povidone-iodine Microsphere as a Intramammary Disinfectant.

“…The implementation of effective measures for prevention and control of the disease has markedly reduced subclinical and clinical mastitis [9]. However, there is still a great need for effective therapeutic measures against mastitis, although various preventive measures and management practices are effective.…”