Effects of the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the oxidative status of adult dogs

Abstract

The present study evaluated the alterations of the oxidative stress markers in adult dogs fed with high levels of PUFA from the mixture of soybean oil enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and supplemented with a natural algae-based antioxidant (AOX). Twelve healthy adult (2 years old) Beagle dogs (6 males and 6 females, 11.20 ± 1.92 kg BW), were distributed in 2 completely randomized blocks design and fed with 4 experimental diets coated with 2 lipid sources: saturated (13% bovine tallow) or unsaturated (13% soybean oil enriched with DHA), supplemented or not with 500 mg of AOX for 4 wk, intercalated with a 4-wk adaptation period. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 15, and 30 of each block. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), sulfhydryl group (SH), protein carbonylation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) were evaluated in the serum, while GSH-Px, SOD, glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), SH, and TBARS were measured in erythrocytes. There was no significant difference in most of the oxidative markers evaluated. In contrast, GST activity in erythrocytes was greater in the animals that consumed the diets coated with bovine tallow compared to dogs that consumed diets coated with soybean oil enriched with DHA (P < 0.05). Serum from dogs fed on diets supplemented with AOX presented greater TRAP values (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids (UNS) used in the diets for dogs were not sufficient to cause large changes in the oxidative status. It was not possible to evaluate the efficiency of the natural antioxidant in maintaining the oxidative balance of the animals as it appears that the oxidative status of the dogs was not challenged by the unsaturated diets. Our findings also suggest that dogs, as descendants from carrion carnivores, may have some natural protection against oxidation.

Identification of Protein Carbonyls (PCOs) in Canine Serum by Western Blot Technique and Preliminary Evaluation of PCO Concentration in Dogs With Systemic Inflammation

“…Moreover, we showed that the positive signal increases with the percentage of CSE, suggesting a good linearity of the method. However, the repeatability of the method is not excellent, since the CV is higher 4) and from clinically sick dogs (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The control sample (serum oxidized with CSE) has been loaded on lane C. Dog serum proteins has been separated in SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and immunodetected with specific antibodies.…”

“…In veterinary medicine, the diagnosis of sepsis is based on the direct detection of pathogens and/or on the “indirect” evaluation of the effects exerted by the pathogens on the organism (increased temperature, heart and respiratory rate, changes in the leukogram, altered serum concentration of acute phase proteins, modified serum protein electrophoresis); however, the parameters currently used to support a clinical diagnosis of sepsis are not enough sensitive and specific. To the best of our knowledge, in veterinary medicine, few studies have been developed about carbonyls, mainly to focus about OS and inflammatory conditions related to pregnancy in healthy dogs ( 11 ), associated with a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids ( 12 ) or in diabetes mellitus in dogs ( 13 ) and in cats ( 14 ). Different substrates and techniques have been used to quantify PCOs and rarely a significant difference from sick and healthy animals was found, as in the study of Zini et al ( 14 ) that demonstrated an increased concentration of PCOs in the erythrocyte membranes of diabetic cats compared with control cats.…”

Measurement of Redox Biomarkers in the Whole Blood and Red Blood Cell Lysates of Dogs

“…In dogs, the use of RBCs lysates and WB has been proven to be effective in the measurement of selected antioxidants and oxidants. In RBCs lysates, SOD was measured to evaluate the antioxidant response of dogs receiving a diet consisting of high polyunsaturated fatty acids [ 13 ], as well as in dogs with chronic kidney disease [ 14 ], atopic dermatitis [ 15 ], parvoviral infection [ 16 ], sarcoptic mange [ 17 ], leishmaniasis [ 18 ] and uncomplicated babesiosis [ 19 ]. In addition, reduced glutathione has been measured in RBCs lysates from dogs with renal azotemia [ 20 ] and GPx has been determined in RBCs lysates from dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis [ 21 ] and with multicentric lymphoma [ 22 ].…”

Relación entre la composición, la capacidad antioxidante y el contenido fenólico de alimentos concentrados para perros

“…Se han demostrado efectos benéficos en la salud de los perros por el suministro de antioxidantes en la dieta, a través de la reducción del estrés oxidativo (Baskin et al, 2000;Milgram et al, 2002; Pan et al, 2018). Incluso se ha eva-luado el efecto de otros suplementos dietarios en el estatus oxidativo de los caninos (Pacheco et al, 2018). Adicionalmente, se ha descrito la relación entre el estrés oxidativo de los perros y diferentes condiciones ambientales como restricciones sociales y espaciales, prácticas de manejo, condiciones de salud y diversas patologías (Macotpet et al, 2013; Passantino et al, 2014; Marquis et al, 2015).…”