Relación entre la composición, la capacidad antioxidante y el contenido fenólico de alimentos concentrados para perros

Abstract

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la relación entre la composición, la capacidad antioxidante y el contenido de polifenoles de concentrados para perros de diferentes segmentos comerciales. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 19 alimentos para perros de cuatro segmentos comerciales: popular, económico, premium y super premium. Mediante un análisis bromatológico se evaluó la composición de cada alimento. Se midió la capacidad antioxidante total (CAT) y el contenido fenólico total (FT) a través de los métodos ABTS y Folin-Ciocalteu, respectivamente. Se realizaron análisis de varianza y de correlación. Los concentrados de los segmentos premium y super premium presentaron proporciones mayores de proteína cruda y grasa, y menores de fibra cruda, cenizas, calcio y fósforo en comparación con los concentrados de los segmentos popular y económico (p<0.05). Para los segmentos popular, económico, premium y super premium se encontraron valores de FT de 160.1 ± 49.8, 146.7 ± 41.5, 131.6 ± 21.5 y 144.9 ± 34.1 mg de ácido gálico/100 g de muestra y valores de CAT de 3146.0 ± 564.5, 2895.4 ± 581.0, 2837.6 ± 241.7 y 2875.79 ± 325.8 μmol Trolox/l de muestra, respectivamente (p>0.05). Se encontró una correlación positiva entre el contenido de fibra cruda y el FT (r = 0.47, p<0.05). Se concluye que la segmentación comercial de los concentrados para perros no está reflejada en su aporte antioxidante y que un mayor contenido de fibra cruda, propio de concentrados de los segmentos popular y económico, está asociado positivamente con el contenido de fenoles.

Dry food affects the oxidative/antioxidant profile of dogs

“…However, PUFAs are known to be more susceptible to oxidation (Pacheco et al., 2018 ). In a previous research, it was observed higher average values for TPC and ABTS in the dry dog foods with higher fibre content, suggesting a positive correlation between raw fibre content and TPC (Restrepo et al., 2019 ). The ABTS is a single‐electron transfer‐based assay, the limitations of which are its pH dependency and its reliance on the percentage of product decrease rather than the kinematics (Bartosz, 2010 ).…”

“…However, PUFAs are known to be more susceptible to oxidation (Pacheco et al, 2018). In a previous research, it was observed higher average values for TPC and ABTS in the dry dog foods with higher fibre content, suggesting a positive correlation between raw fibre content and TPC (Restrepo et al, 2019).…”

“…It was found in this study that food A followed by food D had the highest values for total phenols, ABTS and ORAC, whereas food B obtained the lowest values. This may be due to variations in composition and raw materials used in different dry dog foods, with differences reported between fibre content, raw protein and fat (Restrepo et al., 2019 ). For example, lipids in dry dog foods can represent from 5% to 40% of the diet, where fat may be animal‐based, plant‐based or sometimes a mixture of both (Bauer, 2007 ).…”

“…The results of the antioxidant contribution in this study, presented as the foods ORAC units, are below this value. However, in pet nutrition, TAC is not often reported and possibly not often considered in the formulation of diets (Restrepo et al., 2019 ). In 2001, a commercial dry dog food product with a high antioxidant component, measured in ORAC units (μmol Trolox/g), was first introduced into the pet food industry to assist in the treatment of cognitive decline and age‐related behavioural changes in older dogs (Zicker, 2005 ).…”

“…However, there are limited information regarding the effect of diet in the TAC of dog blood plasma. On the other hand, it has been reported that the nutritional composition of dry dog food is not related to their antioxidant contribution, as measured by the TAC and the total phenol content (Restrepo et al., 2019 ).…”