Effects of temperature on the immature development and emergence of five species of Trichogramma

Foerster, M R; Foerster, Luís A.

doi:10.1007/s10526-008-9195-4

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The lowest viability measured was still 80%, and viability at 25°C was at least 90% for all species tested. This last finding is similar to results of previous studies with T. pretiosum in Helicoverpa zea eggs (Pratissoli and Oliveira 1999), in Anticarsia gemmatalis eggs (Foerster and Foerster 2009) and in E. kuehniella eggs (Maceda et al 2003), and for T. atopovirilia and T. acacioi in A. gemmatalis eggs (Foerster and Foerster 2009). Subtropical species tested in our study are likely better adapted to cold conditions than tropical ones (development threshold temperatures of 8.1, 9.6 and 10.2°C for T. acacioi, T. pretiosum and T. atopovirilia, respectively, Foerster and Foerster 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of four Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as biocontrol agents of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under various temperature regimes

et al. 2011

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Trichogramma spp. are major parasitoids of lepidopteran pest eggs, but there is large variation in efficacy toward a given pest among the numerous described Trichogramma species. It is important to select the Trichogramma species that most effectively parasitize and develop in target pest eggs for biological control. In this context, Trichogramma pretiosum, T. exiguum, T. atopovirilia and T. acacioi were studied in Heliothis virescens eggs under different thermal conditions. The parasitoids were reared at constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30°C and tested at these respective temperatures, while parasitoids reared at 25°C were also tested at 20 and 30°C, for a total of 20 species-temperature combinations. About 30 H. virescens eggs were offered to the parasitoids for 24 h. Among the four species, parasitism rate by T. atopovirilia was highest at all temperature conditions, whereas T. acacioi had the lowest rates of parasitism at 25°C and 25/30°C. Parasitism ranged from 13.8 to 43.8% among all species-temperature combinations. Viability (emerged parasitoids) ranged from 80.8 to 98.4%, and was deemed satisfactory. The emergence rates of T. exiguum and T. acacioi were affected by temperature. Temperature also affected the sex ratio of T. exiguum at 25/30°C, whereas T. pretiosum and T. acacioi produced females predominantly independent of temperature. Overall, the parasitoid T. atopovirilia was the most efficient in parasitizing H. virescens eggs, though the levels of parasitism obtained might not ensure its successful use in biological control programs. The temperature-related differences in biological traits observed in the four Trichogramma species tested hint at the importance of making careful choices regarding climatic conditions where the parasitoid is going to be used when selecting a species for biological control programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of four Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as biocontrol agents of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under various temperature regimes

et al. 2011

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“…However, under natural conditions (Voegele et al, 1988) the lower threshold is approximately 10°C and the sum of effective temperatures 126-150 degree-days, which are similar to those obtained in our study and typical of Trichogramma: in other species, the lower threshold ranges from 8°C to 13°C and degree-day accumulation from 130 to 190 (Butler & Lopez, 1980;Harrison et al, 1985;Cônsoli & Parra, 1995a;Hansen, 2000;Kalyebi et al, 2006;Foerster & Foerster, 2009). …”

Section: Rate Of Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, in practice linear summation accurately describes the thermal influence on development over a wide range of temperatures in various insects (Rattte, 1985;Hon k & Kocourek, 1990;Richards & Villet, 2008), including insect parasitoids (e.g. Abe & Tahara, 2003) and particularly Trichogramma species (Butler & Lopez, 1980;Cônsoli & Parra, 1995a;Hansen, 2000;Kalyebi et al, 2006;Foerster & Foerster, 2009). This is clear from our data (Fig.…”

Section: Rate Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on the reproduction and development of Trichogramma buesi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Reznik¹,

Войнович²,

Vaghina³

2009

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. At emergence females of Trichogramma had a lot of mature eggs in their ovaries, but some delayed parasitization or refused to parasitize a laboratory host. The effect of constant and alternating temperatures on the percentage of Trichogramma buesi females parasitizing Sitotroga cerealella eggs and the duration of the pre-parasitization period were investigated. The temperature dependencies of the rate of preimaginal development, pre-emergence survival, number of eggs laid daily, and total lifetime fecundity were also determined. As the temperature was increased from 12 to 35°C, the median pre-oviposition period decreased from 5 days to 3 h, with maximum values of 24 and 1.5 days, respectively. The rate of induction of parasitization (reciprocal of duration of the pre-parasitization period of the females that parasitized) increased with temperature like the rate of preimaginal development and average number of eggs laid daily by a parasitizing female. Total cumulative percentage of parasitizing females reached a maximum (ca 60%) at temperatures of 25-30°C, while at 12 and 35°C, respectively, 25 and 50% of females parasitized the S. cerealella eggs. Average lifetime fecundity and pre-emergence survival showed a similar dependence on temperature. The influence of the thermorhythm (25°C for 4 h and 15°C for 20 h) was strongly dependent on its position within the photoperiod. When thermophase coincided with photophase, the percentage of females that parasitized was close to that recorded at a constant temperature of 25°C. But when the high temperature pulse coincided with the dark period, the percentage of parasitizing females was the same as at 15°C. Thus, the temperature dependence of ethogenesis (supposedly, an increase in motivation to parasitize or search for a host) in Trichogramma females was similar to that of morphogenesis, although the reaction to alternating temperatures may have been complicated by interaction with the light : dark regime.

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“…As with growth rate, development time is also related to temperature. Typically, development time decreases exponentially with increasing temperature [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

Müller

Obermaier

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Temperature has been shown to play an important role in the life cycles of insects. Early season feeders in Palaearctic regions profit by the high nutritional quality of their host plants early in the year, but face the problem of having to develop at low average springtime temperatures. This study examines the influence of short periods of heating in the field on larval development and on mortality with the model system Galeruca tanaceti L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an early season feeder, that hatches at low springtime temperatures. Field and laboratory experiments under different constant and variable temperature regimes were performed. While in the field, the average daily temperature was close to the lower developmental threshold of the species of 10.9• C; maximum temperatures of above 30 • C were sometimes reached. Larvae developed significantly faster, and pupae were heavier, in the field and in an assay with short periods of heating than at the same average temperature under constant conditions in the laboratory. We conclude that larvae profit substantially from short periods of heating and temperature variation in the field and that intervals of high temperature enable insect survival and exploitation of nutrient-rich food resources at early times in the season.

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Effects of temperature on the immature development and emergence of five species of Trichogramma

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Performance of four Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as biocontrol agents of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under various temperature regimes

Performance of four Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as biocontrol agents of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under various temperature regimes

Effect of temperature on the reproduction and development of Trichogramma buesi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Herbivore Larval Development at Low Springtime Temperatures: The Importance of Short Periods of Heating in the Field

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