Effects of genotype and plant growth regulators on callus induction in leaf cultures of Coffea arabica L. F1 hybrid

Abstract

Coffea arabica, F1 hybrid variety, Ruiru 11 is a highly sought after crop in Kenya due to its alleviated resistance to Coffee Berry Disease and Coffee Leaf Rust coupled with high yield capacity and good cup quality. Access to the variety's planting materials is limited due to challenges with difficulty in propagation using conventional methods of seed and vegetative propagation; and somatic embryogenesis is regarded as a suitable alternative propagation method. Therefore, the current study aimed to establish an induction protocol in F1 composite hybrid Ruiru 11. The current study investigated the effects of genotype and plant growth regulators, auxins and cytokinins, on induction of embryogenic callus in two composite genotypes of C. arabica L. F1 hybrid variety Ruiru 11. Leaf explants from the F1 hybrid were cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with varied concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Callus formation was evaluated weekly until the 60 th day. Genotypic effects were assessed based on the difference on callus induction rates, biomass fresh weights and callus formation. The genotypes tested showed highest callus induction 88% (Code 71) and 100% (Code 93) with respect to the formation of embryogenic calli. Highest fresh weight was obtained at 0.973 ± 0.011 g in Code 71 and 0.649 ± 0.03 g in Code 93 in MS media supplemented with 2,4-D + BAP (0.53 + 0.11 µM). The observed results are useful in formulating the best growth regulator concentration suitable for mass in vitro propagation genotypes of Arabica coffee hybrid Ruiru 11 through callus induction in vitro of leaf explants.

In vitro somatic embryogenesis of superior clones of robusta coffee from Lampung, Indonesia: Effect of genotypes and callus induction media

“…This indicates that as for Tugusari and Wanto, the PCIMs did not provide the condition for their cells to become embryogenic competent. Other reports also showed that genotypes of mother plants also affected the formation of embryogenic calli (Quainoo and Dwomo 2012;Naranjo et al 2016;Campos et al 2017;Mwaniki et al 2019;Narváez et al 2019). Table 2 also showed that when subcultured to ECIM, primary calli from PCIM2 resulted in a higher percentage of embryogenic calli than those from PCIM1.…”

Effect of indole-3-acetic acid on growth, physiology and nutritional status of young arabica coffee plants

“…To prevent the variation in vegetative and productive growth of coffee plants (bienniality), research using plant growth regulators have been increasingly applied (Hatanaka et al, 1991;Cavalcante Filho et al, 2018;Mwaniki et al, 2019;Muliasari et al, 2021). Growth regulators are synthetic or natural chemical compounds that can modulate and regulate the physiological aspects of plants (Ashikari et al, 2005;Pu et al, 2018).…”