Effects of Emotional Labor for Aestheticians on Job Stress, Satisfaction, and Turnover

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to seek efficient human management plan by investigating the effects of emotional labor of aestheticians on job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Methods: For the empirical analysis of this study, we used a statistical package for social science (SPSS) 18.0 statistical package program and autonomous marine operations and systems (AMOS) 18.0 program. We conducted a frequency analysis to investigate general characteristics of the research targets. We performed an exploratory factor analysis in order to verify the validity of the measurement tools and calculated Cronbach's α coefficient to verify the reliability of the factors. We verified the causal relation between constructs using the structural equation model in order to verify the research hypothesis. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that job stress and turnover intention increased as the surface acting of emotional labor increased, and job stress decreased and job satisfaction increased as the deep acting of emotional labor increased. Job satisfaction decreased, and turnover intention increased, as job stress increased, turnover intention decreased as job satisfaction increased. Conclusion: In order to reduce the turnover intention of estheticians, it is necessary to improve job satisfaction and reduce emotional labor. In order to reduce emotional labor, systematic education, such as self-esteem improvement training for estheticians, stress management, and active corresponding measures for bad clients are necessary, and it is necessary to improve the working environment and client-first client-facing law in order to improve job satisfaction.

Cosmetology Field and It’s Significance for Education and Industry Sector

“…Researcher found that previous studies are focus on job performance in beauty industry, cosmetology education and training qualification. There are nine studies focused on Korean cosmetology field [19]; [20]; [21]; [22]; [23]; [24]; [25]; [26]; [27]. Other than that, each study examined Pakistan cosmetology field [12], Midwest cosmetology field [28], Netherlands cosmetology field [11], Turkey cosmetology field [1], Taiwan cosmetology field [29] and Ghana cosmetology field were also included in this review.…”

“…Regarding the year of publication, two articles were published in 2019 [19]; [25], eight articles were published in 2018 [20]; [21]; [22]; [23]; [26]; [11]; [12]; [27] and two studies were published in 2016 [29]; [2]. Other than that, an article was published in 2014 [24] and 2012 [1].…”

“…Apart from that, [19] in their study found other than emotional intelligent, coaching leadership and good communication among all members and clients also show positive significant effect on organizational performance. To have a quality organizational performance in beauty industry, [21] revealed that self-esteem improvement training, stress management and active corresponding measures are necessary to nurture among the cosmetology students before they start to work in the beauty industry.…”

“…[11] and [3] insist that whoever dabble in this field have to go thorough training and qualification before giving treatments to clients. [19] and [23] in their studies also revealed that cosmetologists need educational support, coaching leadership [20], stress management and self-esteem improvement training [21] not only to be knowledgeable and skillful but also learn how to manage their emotional intelligence efficiently, to maintain job performance and also to have good communications [22]. It is also actually important for managers to scale down the number of turnovers among cosmetologists [21].…”