Effects of Copper Addition on Copper Resistance, Antibiotic Resistance Genes, and intl1 during Swine Manure Composting

Abstract

Copper is one of the most abundant heavy metals present in swine manure. In this study, a laboratory-scale aerobic composting system was amended with Cu at three levels (0, 200, and 2000 mg kg-1, i.e., control, Cu200, and Cu2000 treatments, respectively) to determine its effect on the fate of copper resistance genes [copper resistance genes (CRGs): pcoA, cusA, copA, and tcrB], antibiotic resistance genes [antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs): erm(A) and erm(B)], and intl1. The results showed that the absolute abundances of pcoA, tcrB, erm(A), erm(B), and intl1 were reduced, whereas those of copA and cusA increased after swine manure composting. Redundancy analysis showed that temperature significantly affected the variations in CRGs, ARGs, and intl1. The decreases in CRGs, ARGs, and intI1 were positively correlated with the exchangeable Cu levels. The bacterial community could be grouped according to the composting time under different treatments, where the high concentration of copper had a more persistent effect on the bacterial community. Network analysis determined that the co-occurrence of CRGs, ARGs, and intI1, and the bacterial community were the main contributors to the changes in CRGs, ARG, and intl1. Thus, temperature, copper, and changes in the bacterial community composition had important effects on the variations in CRGs, ARGs, and intl1 during manure composting in the presence of added copper.

Properties, mechanism and applications of diamond as an antibacterial material

“…The formed nanocomposite displayed high bactericidal activity toward the Gram-negative E. coli bacterial strain at very low concentration in the cultivation media [219] (Figure 4). As concerns are developing concerning the rise of bacterial resistance against Silver [30,[220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231] and Copper [229,[232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242][243][244] as well as concerns about the impact of heavy metal on the spread and development of antibiotic resistance genes [120,245] recently, the creation of diamond composites with Cu and/or Ag NPs immobilised of their surface could be a valid strategy to avoid this resistances to develop and to reduce the needed amount of Cu and Ag to display satisfactory antibacterial properties.…”

Environmental effects and risk control of antibiotic resistance genes in the organic solid waste aerobic composting system: A review

“…Residual antibiotics, heavy metals, organic contaminants, and disinfectants in organic solid waste could also induce ARG production (Jia et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Yin et al, 2017). Although ARGs exist naturally in the environment, human activities, such as livestock and poultry breeding, pharmaceutical industry, and urban sewage treatment plants, have been determined to have greatly increased the spread of ARGs to the environment (Li et al, 2015;Karkman et al, 2018).…”

“…Composting is a dynamic process dependent on the combined activities of a wide variety of microbial populations and linked to the microenvironment. According to previous studies, these microenvironmental parameters include moisture content, temperature, pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, NH 4 + -N, and NO 3 --N (Su et al, 2015;Yin et al, 2017;Qian et al, 2018;Cao et al, 2020;Chang et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020a). For example, in co-composting of swine manure and spent mushroom substrate, environmental parameters explained 37.66% of ARG profiles, and the water-soluble carbon, NH 4 + -N, and NO 3 --N had significant positive correlations in the top 35 genera (Hu et al, 2019).…”

Reducing the Consumption of Antibiotics: Would That Be Enough to Slow Down the Dissemination of Resistances in the Downstream Environment?

“…On another ground, the use of trace metal elements such as zinc oxide or copper sulfate, is frequently used as an antibiotic alternative to promote growth of livestock and poultry. Consequently to such practices, several authors reported a concomitant increase of ARB and ARGs that are likely to result from coselective processes, as ARGs and metal resistance genes can collocate on the same genetic entities (mobile genetic elements) (Hasman et al, 2006;Yin et al, 2017;van Alen et al, 2018).…”