Effect of pulse depletion in a Brillouin optical time-domain analysis system

Thévenaz, Luc; Mafang, Stella Foaleng; Lin, Junhong

doi:10.1364/oe.21.014017

Cited by 167 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…However, the transfer of power between the pump and the probe light is significant only for long range distributed measurement and can be neglected for short range DOFS. 41 …”

Section: B Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (Botda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Distributed optical fibre dynamic strain sensing

Masoudi

Newson

2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

206

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Extensive research on Brillouin- and Raman-based distributed optical fibre sensors over the past two decades has resulted in the commercialization of distributed sensors capable of measuring static and quasi-static phenomena such as temperature and strain. Recently, the focus has been shifted towards developing distributed sensors for measurement of dynamic phenomena such as dynamic strain and sound waves. This article reviews the current state of the art distributed optical fibre sensors capable of quantifying dynamic vibrations. The most important aspect of Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering processes which have been used for distributed dynamic measurement are studied. The principle of the sensing techniques used to measure dynamic perturbations are analyzed followed by a case study of the most recent advances in this field. It is shown that the Rayleigh-based sensors have longer sensing range and higher frequency range, but their spatial resolution is limited to 1 m. On the other hand, the Brillouin-based sensors have shown a higher spatial resolution, but relatively lower frequency and sensing ranges.

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“…However, the transfer of power between the pump and the probe light is significant only for long range distributed measurement and can be neglected for short range DOFS. 41 …”

Section: B Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (Botda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Distributed optical fibre dynamic strain sensing

Masoudi

Newson

2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

206

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“…The longer the fiber, the higher the pulse depletion. In a fiber with a constant BFS, the depletion of the pulse can be characterized by a dimensionless depletion factor which is given by [9]:…”

Section: Non-local Effects Induced By Pump Pulse Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pump depletion depends on the frequency detuning between pump and probe optical waves along the fiber and this frequency dependence induces an additional transfer function being superimposed on the measured gain spectrum. This distorts the measured spectrum and introduces a bias in the obtained BFS that entails a systematic error in the measurement performed [9]. Notice that this measurement impairment is a non-local effect in the sense that the BFS measurement at a particular location in the fiber is affected by the Brillouin interaction between pump and probe at other locations.…”

Section: Non-local Effects Induced By Pump Pulse Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are due to the transfer of energy from the pump pulse to the probe wave during their interaction along the sensing fiber. This transfer has been shown to introduce an additional transfer function in the measurement due to optical frequency-dependent pump depletion, which induces a systematic error in the measurement of the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) [8,9]. A second higher-power limit for the probe power that can be injected in the sensing fiber link would be the Brillouin threshold of the fiber, over which significant noise is added to the detected probe signal due to spontaneous Brillouin scattering [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Local Effects in Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis Sensors

et al. 2017

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Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) sensors have great potential to provide distributed measurements of temperature and strain over large structures with high spatial resolution and measurement precision. However, their performance ultimately depends on the amount of probe and pump pulse power that can be injected into the sensing fiber, which determines the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected measurement signal. The probe wave power is constrained by the generation of noise induced by spontaneous Brillouin scattering and at lower power by the so-called non-local effects. In this work, we focus on the latter. We review the physical origins of non-local effects and analyze the performance impairments that they bring. In addition, we discuss the different methods that have been proposed to counteract these effects comparing their relative merits and ultimate performance. Particularly, we focus on a technique that we have devised to compensate non-local effects which is based on introducing an optical frequency modulation or dithering to the probe wave. This method is shown to provide a comprehensive solution to most of the impairments associated with non-local effects and also to enable some side benefits, such as amplification of the pump pulses to compensate the attenuation of the fiber.

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“…Our model of the stimulated Brillouin scattering process uses the two cou-pled wave equations describing the two counter propagating lights [8]:…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the System of Pulse Synthesis Pre-pump Rayleigh BOTDA technology

Shang

Ren

Mao

et al. 2015

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The conventional Rayleigh scattering Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (Rayleigh BOTDA) system adopted the leakage light ahead of the pump pulse to generate Rayleigh back-scattering light. Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) interacts between an optical pulse and a Rayleigh back-scattering light, then the temperature and strain information of the optical fiber are perceived by measuring the Rayleigh scattering light. However, the width of pulse is inversely proportional to the accuracy of spectrum detection, which means the narrower the pulse, the wider the Brillouin spectrum. But the spatial resolution is strictly related to the duration of the optical pulse, when the pulse width is less than the phonon lifetime, the Brillouin spectrum width is much larger than the Brillouin natural gain spectrum width. The spectrum detection accuracy of the system can be effectively improved by adding a pre-pump ahead of the pump pulse to stimulate the acoustic wave field in the Rayleigh BOTDA system. In this paper, we present a new method of synthesizing step pulse. Through the OpiSystem software simulation and Matlab software simulation, the influence of the pre-pump width and power on the performance of the system is analyzed and the feasibility of this method is confirmed by preliminary experiment.

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Effect of pulse depletion in a Brillouin optical time-domain analysis system

Cited by 167 publications

References 19 publications

Contributed Review: Distributed optical fibre dynamic strain sensing

Contributed Review: Distributed optical fibre dynamic strain sensing

Non-Local Effects in Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis Sensors

Research on the System of Pulse Synthesis Pre-pump Rayleigh BOTDA technology

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