Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Intrinsic Rate of Increase of<i>Hysteroneura setariae</i>(Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.)

Jahn, Gary C.; Almazan, L. P.; Pacia, Jocelyn

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-34.4.938

Cited by 49 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, no differencewas found between the leaves of first-order shoots and those grown on second-order shoots [20].Our results on the positive correlation between Aphis pomi and nitrogen fertilization are consistent with the results found by NEVOet al [21] who reported that nitrogen fertilization of cotton has strongly affected morphology, fertility and intrinsic growth rate of the populations of A. Gossypii. The same conclusions were also drawn by JAHN et al [22] with respect to the effect of nitrogen on fertility, intrinsic growth rate, and survival and body length of H. Setariae on rice plants in the wetlands of the rainforest of in Nigeria.…”

Section: 2effect Of Restriction Of Water and Nitrogen On The Fluctsupporting

confidence: 78%

The impact of water and nitrogen de pletion on Aphis pomi infestation in the Apple orchard and its relation with the useful fauna and ants

Laghfiri¹,

Madani²,

Boutaleb³

et al. 2018

jmes

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IntroductionThe modernization of the arboriculture sector and its arboreal intensification requires the control of all production factors, including irrigation, fertilization and plant protection. The green Apple aphid, Aphispomi, is among the pests that must be watched and controlled.It can be developedin a fairly rapid way in favorable conditions. Thus, it is considered the second major scourge of Apple after Cydiapomnella. It is known by its polyphagia and mainly by its resistance to several active substances such as pyrethroid and neonicotinoid [1] . In addition to the Apple tree, on which the green apple aphid is considered very harmful, it also attacks other Rosaceae core and sometimes also other Rosaceaepip [2,3]. The stomata closure is the most important tool adopted by plants to reduce water losses in a situation of water stress [4] .This closure will result in physiological, morphological and phenological changes. The CO2 input is also prevented when the closure causes the disruption of the photosynthetic activity. Closing traps much of the energy to be dissipated by translation, which results in the increase of leaf temperature. Previous studies have shown the effect of aphids on plant photosynthesis [6] and on the induction of gene involved in the senescence of leaves [7]. In contrast, the abundance of aphids was affected by the physiological state of host plant [8], in particular, the nitrogen status in the plant [9,10]. Moreover, the water status of plant tissues can affect the growth of aphid by making it difficult of tap the phloem exudate [11]. In addition, several studies reported that development of pests is favored by the performance of plant growth [12,13] The soil and plants water stress influenced the growth rate of aphid's population on Cowpea. Thus, the number of aphids per plant was significantly lower in the aphid-resistant varieties than that observed in the aphidsusceptible varieties [4]. Therefore, the current study aimed at work we will evaluating the ability of strategically using nitrogen fertilization and irrigation practices through their positive impact on plant growth and water and nitrogen status of the plant tissues to control the green apple green aphid infestations. The impact of water and nitrogen depletion on AbstractThis work aims to establish an ecologically integrated strategy for pest management to assess the impact of water and nitrogen depletion on Aphis pomi infestation in the Apple orchard.The results of the study of the impact on the green Apple aphid show a significant effect on the availability of water and nitrogen on the level of Aphis pomi infestation. Indeed, the normal fertigation regime (T1 = 100%) proved to be more favorable to a prominent development of aphids, in comparison with a 25% water and nitrogen deficit regime (T2 = 75%), that minimize infestation. As for the evolution of wingless aphid and green aphid with wing, the Aphis pomi, at both regimes, the general shape of the evolution of winged curves looks like the one of the wingless ones, with...

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Section: 2effect Of Restriction Of Water and Nitrogen On The Fluctsupporting

confidence: 78%

The impact of water and nitrogen de pletion on Aphis pomi infestation in the Apple orchard and its relation with the useful fauna and ants

Laghfiri¹,

Madani²,

Boutaleb³

et al. 2018

jmes

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“…Agricultural practices that lead to significant discrepancies in nitrogen availability (in terms of quantity, form and balance with other nutrients) are likely to result in variations in the incidence of diseases such as rice blast (Primavesi et al 1972;Séguy et al 1981Séguy et al , 1989Long et al 2000;Walters and Bingham 2007). High concentrations of these compounds in plant cells also make them more attractive to certain pests, particularly sucking insects (Chaboussou 2004;Jahn et al 2005;Lu et al 2007).…”

Section: Non-preference (Antixenosis)-like Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species diversity for sustainable management of crop pests and diseases in agroecosystems: a review

Ratnadass

Fernandes

Avelino

et al. 2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

563

329

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Farmers are facing serious plant protection issues and phytosanitary risks, in particular in the tropics. Such issues are food insecurity, lower income in traditional lowinput agroecosystems, adverse effects of pesticide use on human health and on the environment in intensive systems and export restrictions due to strict regulations on quarantine pests and limits on pesticide residues. To provide more and better food to populations in both the southern and northern hemispheres in a sustainable manner, there is a need for a drastic reduction in pesticide use while keeping crop pest and disease damage under control. This can be achieved by breaking with industrial agriculture and using an agroecological approach, whose main pillar is the conservation or introduction of plant diversity in agroecosystems. Earlier literature suggest that increasing vegetational biodiversity in agroecosystems can reduce the impact of pests and diseases by the following mechanisms: (1) resource dilution and stimulo-deterrent diversion, (2) disruption of the spatial cycle, (3) disruption of the temporal cycle, (4) allelopathy effects, (5) general and specific soil suppressiveness, (6) crop physiological resistance, (7) conservation of natural enemies and facilitation of their action against aerial pests and (8) direct and indirect architectural/ physical effects. Here we review the reported examples of such effects on a broad range of pathogens and pests, e.g. insects, mites, myriapods, nematodes, parasitic weeds, fungi, bacteria and viruses across different cropping systems. Our review confirms that it is not necessarily true that vegetational diversification reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. The ability of some pests and pathogens to use a wide range of plants as alternative hosts/reservoirs is the main limitation to the suppressive role of this strategy, but all other pathways identified for the control of pests and disease based on plant species diversity (PSD) also have certain limitations. Improving our understanding of the mechanisms involved should enable us to explain how, where and when exceptions to the above principle are likely to occur, with a view to developing sustainable agroecosystems based on enhanced ecological processes of pest and disease control by optimized vegetational diversification.

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“…Besides supplying nitrogen, ammonia can also increase soil acidity. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer applications lead to pest problems by increasing the birth rate, longevity and overall fitness of certain pests (Jhan 2004, Jhan et al 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Siavoshi¹,

Laware²

2011

JAS

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In order to study the effect of organic fertilizer on growth and yield components in rice, an experiment was carried out in 2008 and 2009, in randomized block design based on 4 replications. The chicken manure, cow manure and paddy rice were mixed together in 1:1:0.5 ratio to from organic fertilizer. The treatments of organic fertilizer were given in 5 levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 ton/ha). At one level organic fertilizer 1.5 ton/ha was mixed with inorganic fertilizers (N-50, P-25, K-25 kg / ha) and recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer-NPK (N=100, P=50, K=50 kg/ha) was used as check. The plants without treatments were served as control. Grain yield and its components were significantly increased in all the treatments over control. The maximum grain yield in 2008 (4335.88 kg/ha) was noted in plants treated with 2 ton/ha organic fertilizer and it was (4662.71 kg/ha) for 2009 for plant treated with combination of chemical fertilizer + 1.5 ton/ha organic fertilizer. An increase in the grain yield at the abovementioned treatments was may be due to the increase of 1000-seed weight, panicle number, number of fertile tiller, flag leaf length, number of spikelet, panicle length and decrease number of hollow spikelet per panicle.

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Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Intrinsic Rate of Increase ofHysteroneura setariae(Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Rice (Oryza sativaL.)

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

The impact of water and nitrogen de pletion on Aphis pomi infestation in the Apple orchard and its relation with the useful fauna and ants

The impact of water and nitrogen de pletion on Aphis pomi infestation in the Apple orchard and its relation with the useful fauna and ants

Plant species diversity for sustainable management of crop pests and diseases in agroecosystems: a review

Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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