Effect of Ni2+ Substitution on the Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties of Barium Hexagonal Ferrites (BaFe12O19)

Rafiq, Muhammad Asif; Waqar, Moaz; Mirza, Talha Ahmed; Afifa, Farooq; Zulfiqar, Aqif

doi:10.1007/s11664-016-4872-z

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…At lower frequencies, grain boundaries are effective with high resistance, giving a constant conductivity; at higher frequencies, the increase in conductivity with the frequency is due to the grain effect, as well as the increase in the hopping of the charge carriers Fe 2+ ↔ Fe 3+ at the adjacent octahedral sites. Due to the improvement in the hopping process of the electron, it causes the conductive grains to become more active, thus increasing the conductivity [72,10]. The hopping depends on the local displacement of charges and the concentration of the ferric and ferrous ions at the octahedral sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The real and imaginary parts of the permeability have a peak near 50 GHz, which is determined by the level of diamagnetic substitution [7]. BaFe 12 O 19 ferrites are used in many aspects of technology, such as high frequency microwaves [8,9,10], magnetic recording media [11], permanent magnets, magnetic sensor applications [12], sensors [13,14,15], etc. Apart from that, BaFe 12 O 19 ferrites are also used in water purifiers to separate the paramagnetic minerals and to eliminate some of metallic impurities in water [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

et al. 2018

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This paper investigates the effect of the ratio of ammonium nitrate (AN) on the structural, microstructural, magnetic, and alternating current (AC) conductivity properties of barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19). The BaFe12O19 were prepared by using the salt melt method. The samples were synthesized using different powder-to-salt weight ratio variations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 and 1:7) of BaCO3 + Fe2O3 and ammonium nitrate salt. The NH4NO3 was melted on a hot plate at 170 °C. A mixture of BaCO3 and Fe2O3 were added into the NH4NO3 melt solution and stirred for several hours using a magnetic stirrer under a controlled temperature of 170 °C. The heating temperature was then increased up to 260 °C for 24 hr to produce an ash powder. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) results show the intense peak of BaFe12O19 for all the samples and the presence of a small amount of the impurity Fe2O3 in the samples, at a ratio of 1:5 and 1:6. From the Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectra, the band appears at 542.71 cm−1 and 432.48 cm−1, which corresponding to metal–oxygen bending and the vibration of the octahedral sites of BaFe12O19. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that the grains of the samples appear to stick each other and agglomerate at different masses throughout the image with the grain size 5.26, 5.88, 6.14, 6.22, and 6.18 µm for the ratios 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:7 respectively. From the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis, the magnetic properties of the sample ratio at 1:3 show the highest value of coercivity Hc of 1317 Oe, a saturation magnetization Ms of 91 emu/g, and a remnant Mr of 44 emu/g, respectively. As the temperature rises, the AC conductivity is increases with an increase in frequency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

et al. 2018

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“…[ 21–23 ] Sol–gel autocombustion method was reported to have been used to synthesize Sr 1− x Pr x Fe 12− y Co y O 19 ( x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4; y = 0, 0.15, 0.35) and recorded a decrease in band gap energy and a characteristic absorption coefficient of 40 dB at 18 GHz. [ 24 ] Also, sol–gel autocombustion technique was used to produced Sr 1− x Cu x Fe12− y Er y O 19 ( x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2; y = 0, 0.4, 0.5). The band gap was found to increase with substitution of Er +3 .…”

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, Dielectric and Raman Spectroscopy of La³⁺–Ni²⁺–Zn²⁺ Substituted M‐Type Strontium Hexaferrites

Musa¹,

Abdu

Mohammed³

et al. 2021

Crystal Research and Technology

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In this work, M‐type strontium nanohexaferrites with chemical composition Ba0.8−xSr0.2LaxFe12−x−yNixZnyO19 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10; y = 0.00, 0.08, 0.16) are prepared using sol–gel auto‐combustion technique. The formation of single phase hexagonal ferrites is confirmed from XRD analysis. It also reveals the presence of magnetite and the crystallites sizes are in the range of 21.31–29.91nm. The lattice constants are found to decrease with an increase in cation substitution. The FTIR spectra of the sample show three dominant peaks in the range of 400–600 cm–1 which indicate the formation of the desired hexaferrite structure. The field emission scanning electron microscope images reveal large crystallites with shapes close to the hexagonal platelet‐like whose sizes are nonuniformly distributed. Also, agglomeration is observed due to magnetic interactions between the crystallites. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss, conductivity, and dielectric modulus are analyzed using the Maxwell–Wagner model. Dielectric constant is enhanced at high frequency in the entire sample and reduction of dielectric loss is also observed with further cations substitutions.

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“…By adequately substituting different types of cations at the M 2+ or Fe 3+ site, magnetic properties of M-type hexaferrite can be improved. Several authors have tried to tailor M-type hexaferrites properties by replacing Fe 3+ by divalent cations such as Co, Cu, Ga, Ni [12][13][14][15], trivalent cations such as Al, Ce, La, Nd, Pr [16,17] and mixture of cations such as Co-Zr [18], Cu-V [19], Gd-Co [20], La-Co [21], Nd-Co [22], Zn-Mo [23], and Zn-Zr [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Very few studies have been reported on the alteration of SrM's magnetic properties by co-substitution of Zn 2+ -Zr 4+ cations [24--26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with synergistic effect of co-substitution and calcinations temperature

Godara

Kaur

Narang

et al. 2021

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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SrFe 12 O 19 samples were initially prepared using sol-gel auto-combustion method and calcined from 500 to 1100°C (for 6 h). XRD data established the phase formation temperature of SrM phase to be ≈1000°C. Thereafter, the effect of Zn 2+ -Zr 4+ co-dopant on magnetic and structural properties of SrZn x Zr x Fe 12-2x O 19 (x = 0.00-1.00) samples calcined between 900-1100°C was investigated. XRD data shows that the cell volume increases (from 690.45Å 3 (x = 0.00) to 705.72Å 3 (x = 1.00)) while crystallite size decreases (from 123.9 nm (x = 0.00) to 62.3nm (x = 1.00)) calcined at 1000°C. The Rietveld refinement of XRD data confirms a) x = 0.00 sample to be phase pure and b) the presence of ZnFe 2 O 4 (≈2.25) & SrZrO 3 (≈2.93%) impurity phases in x = 1.00 sample, calcined at 1000°C. FESEM micrographs revealed that a) grain size decreases for x > 0.20 with `x' at 900°C and b) increases from 122 nm at 900°C to 443 nm at 1100°C, for x = 0.00. Broadening of Raman bands reveals generation of strain in the lattice with enhancement of Zn 2+ -Zr 4+ concentration. The magnetic studies reveal that the coercivity monotonically decreases (from 5358(x = 0.00) Oe to 690(x = 1.00) Oe at 1000°C) with enhancement of Zn 2+ -Zr 4+ concentration. A maximum M s value ≈ 70.89 emu/g was observed in x = 0.20 sample at 1100°C. M s value also decreases for x > 0.20 at each calcination temperature.

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Effect of Ni2+ Substitution on the Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties of Barium Hexagonal Ferrites (BaFe12O19)

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

Structural, Dielectric and Raman Spectroscopy of La³⁺–Ni²⁺–Zn²⁺ Substituted M‐Type Strontium Hexaferrites

Tailoring the magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with synergistic effect of co-substitution and calcinations temperature

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Effect of Ni2+ Substitution on the Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties of Barium Hexagonal Ferrites (BaFe12O19)

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFe12O19

Structural, Dielectric and Raman Spectroscopy of La3+–Ni2+–Zn2+ Substituted M‐Type Strontium Hexaferrites

Tailoring the magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with synergistic effect of co-substitution and calcinations temperature

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Structural, Dielectric and Raman Spectroscopy of La³⁺–Ni²⁺–Zn²⁺ Substituted M‐Type Strontium Hexaferrites