In this work, M‐type strontium nanohexaferrites with chemical composition Ba0.8−xSr0.2LaxFe12−x−yNixZnyO19 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10; y = 0.00, 0.08, 0.16) are prepared using sol–gel auto‐combustion technique. The formation of single phase hexagonal ferrites is confirmed from XRD analysis. It also reveals the presence of magnetite and the crystallites sizes are in the range of 21.31–29.91nm. The lattice constants are found to decrease with an increase in cation substitution. The FTIR spectra of the sample show three dominant peaks in the range of 400–600 cm–1 which indicate the formation of the desired hexaferrite structure. The field emission scanning electron microscope images reveal large crystallites with shapes close to the hexagonal platelet‐like whose sizes are nonuniformly distributed. Also, agglomeration is observed due to magnetic interactions between the crystallites. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss, conductivity, and dielectric modulus are analyzed using the Maxwell–Wagner model. Dielectric constant is enhanced at high frequency in the entire sample and reduction of dielectric loss is also observed with further cations substitutions.
Background The demands for clean energy is growing rapidly and the fossil fuel we use in our everyday live is ushered in CO2 and other greenhouse effects, resulting in natural disasters and other climate threats. To continue on this route, the world is challenged to prepare for the unknown disasters. Hence, the search for a clean, alternative energy resource, which could bring resilience back to our cities is in incredibly rapid velocity. Solar energy is a clean and alternative energy that can be use but PV panels tend to generate low energy in nature which is why a lot of panels have to be employed in order to go off-grid. A simple DC-DC converter can be used to boost the energy generated by PV panels. Provided herein is an extended DC-DC single ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) for micro-grid based photovoltaic (PV) applications. The new topology was designed with an addition of some components to the conventional SEPIC. Results The extended SEPIC topology utilizes a single power switch with high voltage gain, low duty-cycle, reduced voltage stress across the power switch, low density and cheap. The new topology was designed with an addition of some components to the conventional SEPIC. A 125 V DC output was generated from a 12 V DC input through MATLAB/SIMULINK. The new SEPIC converter revealed the best value voltage gain as 10.42, duty-cycle value of 0.8 and voltage stress of 62.5 V compared to the conventional SEPIC or SEPIC integrated with other converters. Conclusions the results of voltage gain, duty-cycle and voltage stress obtained validate the credibility of the new converter and show the potentiality of the converter for the adoption in power step-up applications.
World is experiencing rapid commercial growth and urbanization. Carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) emissions into the atmosphere is increasing. As a result, a more effective energy policy is required. As a matter of fact, sustainable environmental quality has been identified as a critical component of long-term economic development success. Many studies have found that lower CO2 emissions are an indicator of improved environmental quality. In the future, low-cost photoelectric technologies with superior sun-to-energy power conversion efficiency, extended lifetime, and low toxicity may replace conventional silicon-based solar panels and provide effective global illumination. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on the zinc oxide nanorods are capable of all the aforementioned features. Zinc-oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are important for dye synthesis solar cells, and it is a leading semiconductor that researchers are interested in. The primary objective/purpose of this resarch is to highlight impact of carbon (IV) oxide and the potential of DSSC for reducing CO2 discharges into the atmosphere. Method of ZnO NRs deposition on seed layer coated FTO Glass by Hydrothermal method was also expounded. The morphology of nanorods is presented, based on the available literature it concludes that the production of efficient DSSCs can reduce reliance on fossil fuels, which are the agent of ozone depletion layer due to green gas emissions.
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