Effect of Fat Cell Size, Restrictive Diet and Diabetes on Lipoprotein Lipase Release by Human Adipose Tissue

Abstract

The lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLA) eluted from human adipose tissue was measured after percutaneous biopsy in the fasting state. A positive and significant correlation was found between LPLA per 10(6) cells or per cell surface unit and cell volume in 27 normal and obese subjects in weight balance and on maintenance diet. Such a correlation was also found in 13 diabetic subjects before treatment. In 11 obese subjects subjected to a restricted diet, LPLA dropped dramatically without a significant change in cell size, blunting the cell size effect. In diabetic subjects the LPLA per cell was significantly lower than in nondiabetic people with similar adipose cell volume.

Weight reduction increases adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase responsiveness in obese women.

“…As shown by others (8,12,17,(28)(29)(30), immediately after hypocaloric feeding and a mean weight reduction of 14%, fasting ATLPL was lower. However, similar to the report of Sorbris et al (9), where fasting ATLPL was unaltered in reduced-obese women after a 13-kg decrement and 2-3 wk of weight maintenance, our subjects experienced no change in fasting ATLPL.…”

“…In human obesity, increases in the amount of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity (ATLPL)' per fat cell, measured after an overnight fast, have been repeatedly found (6,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). After weight loss with variable periods of weight maintenance (4-28 wk), however, some studies have shown an increase (14,15) whereas others a decrease (16,17) or no change (9) in the overnight-fasted enzyme activity.…”

Characterization of lipase activities in obese Pima indians. Decreases with weight reduction.

“…Human adipose tissue LPL activity has been shown to be related to obesity, since a significant correlation has been observed between adipose LPL per cell and relative body weight (1). Moreover, LPL appears to be affected by nutritional alterations (1,2,(3)(4)(5)(6), and several investigators have observed that, in contrast to obese rats (7), caloric restriction depresses human adipose tissue LPL activity (2)(3)(4)(5). However, data on the response of adipose LPL to weight reduction followed by refeeding are contradictory.…”

“…The weight reduction diet of these latter two patients consisted of 30% of the total calories required for weight maintenance and of the same composition. All subjects were refed for [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Analyses LPL activity was measured from heparin eluates of tissue fragments using radiolabeled triolein emulsions as substrate (14). Tissue specimens were weighed, frozen, and allowed to thaw thereafter at 28°C in assay buffer.…”

Adipose tissue growth, distribution and cellularity in steers of two biological types

“…and Guy-Grand and Bigorie (1975) showed that more glucose was incorporated into glyceride-glycerol and fatty acids, and greater activity of the lipoprotein lipase existed in larger fat cells. On the other hand, basal lipolysis also increased in larger fat cells (Goldrick and McLoughlin, 1970) suggest ing an increased turnover rate of glyceride-glycerol in the enlarged fat cells.…”