Effect of chlorhexidine on plaque, gingivitis and alveolar bone loss in beagle dogs after seven years of treatment

Briner, William W.; Gibberman, B. P.; Leonard, G. J.; Mulvihill, James E.; Henderson, Craig C.; Gray, J. A. B.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0765.1980.tb00296.x

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The difference between the two measurements was recorded as the loss of attachment. 6. Stain (SI) and Calculus (CI) were recorded for the mesio-buccal gingival half of each tooth examined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Zinc Chloride on the Development of Gingivitis in Beagle Dogs Treated with Cetylpyridinium Chloride

Ritchey¹,

Lamster

Mann

et al. 1982

J Dent Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Twenty-one beagle dogs were treated 12 times per week with either 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), 0.05% CPC plus 0.22% zinc chloride (ZnCl2J, or water. Over seven wk, plaque and gingivitis were reduced by the CPC and CPC plus ZnCl2 treatments, while stain and calculus were greatly reduced only by the CPC plus ZnCl2 treatment.J Dent Res 61(10):1217-1220, October 1982 Introduction.The beagle dog provides a useful model for the study of the progression and early stages of periodontal disease. Attstrom et al. 1 have described the histologic characteristics of normal gingiva in beagle dogs, noting that normal gingiva displayed no gingival fluid flow clinically and relatively few inflammatory cells histologically. These same authors2 have described initial gingivitis in this model. Clinical and histologic evaluation was performed four d after introduction of a soft diet and cessation of rigorous oral hygiene procedures. Gingival crevicular fluid flow increased 20-fold, while the crevicular leukocyte count increased two-fold.The beagle dog has been utilized effectively in evaluating various therapeutic regimens on the development of plaque and gingivitis. Lindhe et al.3 demonstrated that a onceper-day 2% chlorhexidine gluconate topical application led to resolution of an existing gingivitis over a 42-day period. Gaffar et al.4 demonstrated significant reductions in plaque and gingivitis when a regimen of 0.1% aqueous solution of benzethonium chloride was tested versus a water control over a 27-week period. This same model has been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine in inhibiting plaque accumulation and gingivitis development over a one-year period,5 while another study6 demonstrated that chlorhexidine reduced plaque, gingivitis and alveolar bone loss in beagles over a seven-year period. Unfortunately, while plaque and gingivitis can be reduced by treatment with chlorhexidine or quaternary ammonium compounds, both stain and calculus accumulation remain a problem in the beagle dog4-6 and in man.7,8 Zinc salts have been tested for effects on plaque and calculus deposition in man when used alone9'10 and in combination with antibacterial agents.11,12 While Addey et al.9 showed a small plaque reduction with zinc citrate, Schmidt et al.10 demonstrated that a 0.2% zinc chloride mouthrinse administered over a seven-day period significantly reduced calculus deposition on mylar foils attached to the lingual surface of mandibular incisors.Fischman et al. 1 determined that a 0.5% zinc citrate solution, in combination with 0.125% zinc tribromsalan significantly reduced dental plaque over a three-day period Compton and Beagrie12 found that 0.22% zinc chloride was ineffective in reducing plaque formation when compared to 0.075% benzethonium chloride used as a rinse once per day over a ten-day period. Interestingly, the plaque formation observed with the addition of zinc chloride to benzethonium chloride in this study was comparable to that of the placebo group. This experiment was conducted to comprehensivel...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Zinc Chloride on the Development of Gingivitis in Beagle Dogs Treated with Cetylpyridinium Chloride

Ritchey¹,

Lamster

Mann

et al. 1982

J Dent Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The average relative abundance along with bacterial diversity indexes (from more diverse to less diverse) for the equine are similar to previous studies in canine and human, which had longer treatment periods (six months to seven years), where significant results in reducing plaque accumulation, gingivitis index and sulcus depth were observed (Briner et al 1980;Briner et al 1986). However, Briner et al (1986) showed that in the first three months there was no difference in bacterial communities between CHX and placebo trial groups in human.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…CHX has been used as a therapeutic agent for skin and oral disinfection in veterinary science for more than 30 years (Briner et al 1980;Foulkes et al 1973;Rindom et al 1970). It has been clinically proven in dentistry to reduce the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis, with the reduction in the loss of attachment and alveolar bone (Briner et al 1980;Tepe et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical and microbiological aspects of periodontal disease in horses in South-East Queensland, Australia

Chinkangsadarn¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study of periodontal disease as part of equine dentistry is one of the overlooked fields of study, which truly needs more study and research to clearly understand the nature of the disease, the most appropriate diagnostic technique and prevention or treatment to provide for a good quality of life for horses.The abattoir survey of the oral cavity and dentition of 400 horses from SouthEast Queensland, Australia, showed that the most common dental abnormality was sharp enamel points (55.3% prevalence). Several types of dental abnormalities were strongly associated with age. The highest frequency of dental abnormalities (97.5%) were observed in senior horses (11-15 years old) and this included periodontal disease that increased to almost fifty percent in senior horses. The findings also confirmed that all horses, not just young horses, should have regular complete dental examinations as early as possible which should limit the development of more severe dental pathologies later in life.The equine oral microbiome found in dental plaque can cause oral disease which involves the some of the endogenous oral microbiota becoming opportunistic pathogens. The conventional method of oral microbiology based on culture dependent techniques usually overestimates the significance of species that are easily grown and overlooks microbial community diversity. Recently, the culture independent techniques using the next generation sequencing (NGS) method can determine the whole bacterial microbiota. The results from culture dependent and NGS method of analysis of healthy gingiva and periodontitis samples showed that the most common Genera isolated were Prevotella and Porphyromonas without a statistical significance in bacterial diversity, between the control and periodontitis groups. In conclusion, equine bacterial diversity between the healthy and periodontitis groups were similar which is different from other animals and this may be due to factors such as dentition, feed type and husbandry.The standard approach for diagnosis of equine periodontal disease (EPD) is based on clinical dental examination but to evaluate the current stage of disease and for further treatment planning, auxiliary aids such radiography are required. Equine dental radiography has been largely restricted to extraoral techniques by the standard equine radiography technology and the complexity of equine head anatomy. In III addition, superimposition and distortion of the cheek teeth arcade is a major problem for radiographic interpretation. Intraoral radiography has been largely ignored in horses, due to the uncooperative nature of these patients and the absence of dedicated technology unsuitable for equine oral radiography. In this study, radiographic images from seven horse heads obtained using a commercially available equine intraoral computed radiography system (IO-CR) and 3D imaging from computed tomography file sets were reviewed. IO-CR has shown potential as a diagnostic tool where key pathological lesions of EPD of the cheek teeth were demon...

show abstract

“…For exam ple, chlorhexidine has been reported to restrict dental plaque and caries in ham sters [Emilson et al, 1976] and rats [Shern et al, 1980], and plaque, gingivitis and alveolar bone loss in dogs [Briner, 1980]. The rat model has also predicted the ben efits of other antiplaque agents [Miller et al, 1979].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two Recently Developed Antiseptics on Dental Plaque and Caries in Rats

Shern¹,

Monell-Torrens²,

Kingman³

1985

Caries Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This investigation measured the effect of two agents: CK 0569 A (a piperazine derivative) and octenidine on dental caries and plaque when used as oral rinses in rats. Twice daily flushings with aqueous solutions of either agent (0.5%) provided significant protection against dental caries and plaque, similar to that provided by chlorhexidine, when compared to the effects of the placebo rinses. However, when flushings (1.0%) were provided only once daily, only the octenidine-treated group exhibited a mean caries score that was significantly lower than that in the placebo-treated group. Animals receiving oral flushings once daily with octenidine (1.0%) in an oral flushing vehicle exhibited a 37% numerical decrease (0.1 > p > 0.05) in plaque scores compared with the animals treated with the carrier solution without additive.

show abstract

Effect of chlorhexidine on plaque, gingivitis and alveolar bone loss in beagle dogs after seven years of treatment

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

The Effect of Zinc Chloride on the Development of Gingivitis in Beagle Dogs Treated with Cetylpyridinium Chloride

The Effect of Zinc Chloride on the Development of Gingivitis in Beagle Dogs Treated with Cetylpyridinium Chloride

Clinical and microbiological aspects of periodontal disease in horses in South-East Queensland, Australia

Effect of Two Recently Developed Antiseptics on Dental Plaque and Caries in Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About