Dynamics of soil physical properties under alternative systems to slash-and-burn

Orihuela, Julio Alegre; Cassel, D. K.

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(95)00654-0

Cited by 96 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Ziegler et al (2004) described the behavior of Ks in a land -use sequence including upland fields, fallows and secondary forests in mountainous Vietnam and reported a decline of Ks under the disturbed cover types compared to a reference forest as well as a regeneration of soil permeability some years after land-use abandonment. Alegre and Cassel (1996) and Martínez and Zinck (2004) found a decline of infiltrability after pasture establishment for an Ultisol in Peru and Colombia, respectively. Lal (1996), working in western Nigeria, reported a decreased permeability under pasture, similar to that reported for Amazonia (Tomasella and Hodnett, 1996;.…”

Section: Global Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

Zimmermann

Elsenbeer

2008

Journal of Hydrology

125

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Elektronisch veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam: http://opus.kobv. de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1640/ urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16402 [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus16402] SummaryAs land-cover conversion continues to expand into ever more remote areas in the humid tropics, montane rainforests are increasingly threatened. In addition to the loss of biodiversity, land-use change potentially deteriorates regional water cycles, which may have undesirable effects for local populations such as decreased water supply during dry seasons, enhanced flooding in the rainy season, or deterioration of drinking water quality.Montane rainforests in the south Ecuadorian Andes are not only subject to man-made disturbances but also to naturally occurring landslides. I was interested in the impact of this ecosystem dynamics on a key parameter of the hydrologic cycle, the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (synonym: permeability; Ks from here on), because it is a sensitive indicator for soil disturbances. Depending on the rainfall regime, the potential disturbance-induced decrease of Ks may become relevant for regional watersheds.My general objective was to quantify the effects of the regional natural and human disturbances on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and to describe the resulting spatialtemporal patterns. The main hypotheses were: 1) disturbances cause an apparent displacement of the less permeable soil layer towards the surface, either due to a loss of the permeable surface soil after land-sliding, or as a consequence of the surface soil compaction under cattle pastures; 2) 'recovery' from disturbance, either because of landslide re-vegetation or because of secondary succession after pasture abandonment, involves an apparent displacement of the less permeable layer back towards the original depth an 3) disturbances cause a simplification of the Ks spatial structure, i.e. the spatially dependent random variation diminishes; the subsequent recovery entails the re-establishment of the original structure.In my first study, I developed a synthesis of recent geostatistical research regarding its applicability to soil hydraulic data, including exploratory data analysis and variogram estimation techniques; I subsequently evaluated the results in terms of spatial prediction uncertainty. Concerning the exploratory data analysis, my main results were: 1) Gaussian uniand bivariate distributions of the log-transformed data; 2) the existence of significant local trends; 3) no need for robust estimation; 4) no anisotropic variation. I found partly considerable differences in covariance parameters resulting from different variogram estimation techniques, which, in the framework of spatial prediction, were mainly reflected in the spatial connectivity of the Ks-field. Ignoring the trend component and an arbitrary use of robust estimators, however, would have the most severe consequences in this respect.Regarding variogram modeling, I encouraged restricted maximum likelihood estimation becau...

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Section: Global Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

Zimmermann

Elsenbeer

2008

Journal of Hydrology

125

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“…In the tropics, the traditional swiddening system involves the following stages: conversion (forest slashing/felling, sun/air drying and burning during the dry season), cropping (settling familial farming for several years), and fallow (vegetation regenerating and soil organic content rejuvenating) [63,68,69]. During the stages of conversion and cropping, human activities frequently trigger a series of eco-environmental concerns, such as forest degradation and deforestation [70,71], total mineral nutrient loss [72,73], soil biota communities decline [73,74], atmospheric pollutions [4] and heavy metal contamination [75]. The regeneration of secondary vegetation/forest in the various fallow periods was regarded as the future of the tropical forests [76][77][78].…”

Section: Viewpoint Of Demisementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Swidden Agriculture in Southeast Asia

et al. 2014

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Swidden agriculture is by far the dominant land use system in the mountainous regions of Southeast Asia (SEA). It provides various valuable subsistence products to local farmers, mostly the poor ethnic minority groups. Controversially, it is also closely connected with a number of environmental issues. With the strengthening regional economic cooperation in SEA, swidden agriculture has experienced drastic transformations into other diverse market-oriented land use types since the 1990s. However, there is very limited information on the basic geographical and demographic data of swidden agriculture and the socio-economic and biophysical effects of the transformations. International programs, such as the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD), underscore the importance of monitoring and evaluating swidden agriculture and its transition to reduce carbon emission due to deforestation and forest degradation. In this context, along with the accessibility of Landsat historical imagery, remote sensing based techniques will offer an effective way to detect and monitor the locations and extent of swidden agriculture. Many approaches for investigating fire occurrence and burned area can be introduced for swidden agriculture mapping due to the common feature of fire relatedness. In this review paper, four broad approaches involving spectral signatures, phenological characteristics, statistical theory and landscape ecology were summarized for swidden agriculture delineation. Five research priorities about swidden agriculture involving remote sensing techniques, spatial pattern, change, drivers and impacts were proposed accordingly. To our knowledge, a synthesis review on the remote sensing and outlook on swidden agriculture has not been reported yet. This review paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of swidden agriculture studies in the domains of debated definition, trends, remote sensing methods and OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2014, 6 1655 outlook research in SEA undertaken in the past two decades.

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“…Outras pesquisas têm investigado também o papel da agricultura de corte e queima na deterioração das propriedades físicas do solo, como a porosidade, que pode causar a compactação, o aumento da lixiviação e de processos erosivos (Weeraratna, 1984;Hernani et al, 1987;Alegre & Cassel, 1996;Pereira & Vieira, 2001), além da poluição de solos e de cursos d'água por meio, por exemplo, da liberação de mercúrio (Farella et al, 2006). Em muitos lugares, o crescimento acelerado de ervas daninhas é um fator limitante mais sério para este tipo de agricultura que o próprio empobrecimento do solo (Nye & Greenland, 1960;Warner, 1991;Fujisaka et al, 2000).…”

Section: Solos E Processos Erosivosunclassified

A agricultura de corte e queima: um sistema em transformação

Júnior

Murrieta

Adams

2008

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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IIIResumo: A agricultura de corte e queima é praticada há milhares de anos nas áreas florestadas do planeta, principalmente nas regiões tropicais. Sua prática envolve uma gama de técnicas que denotam seu caráter diversificado e itinerante, aproveitando o capital energético da floresta em recomposição. Muitos estudos atestam a sustentabilidade desses sistemas quando praticados tradicionalmente e sob baixas densidades populacionais, mantendo, ou mesmo, promovendo a biodiversidade local e garantindo a subsistência de muitas populações pobres rurais. No entanto, é crescente na literatura acadêmica e no debate político o papel que a agricultura de corte e queima vem desempenhando no desmatamento e demais impactos ambientais e socioeconômicos. Esse processo é conseqüência das mudanças no uso do solo, da intensificação agrícola e do aumento demográfico que, estão alterando as práticas e comprometendo a sustentabilidade desses sistemas agrícolas tradicionais. No rastro dessas preocupações, este estudo traz uma revisão do tema na literatura com os objetivos de traçar um panorama geral do que foi produzido até o momento, identificar as principais correntes teóricas envolvidas e apontar as alternativas propostas para sua manutenção.Palavras-chave: Agricultura de corte e queima. Cultivo itinerante. Mudanças no uso do solo. Florestas tropicais. Sustentabilidade.Abstract: Slash-and-burn agriculture has been practiced for thousands of years in the forests around the world, especially in the tropics, where it provides for the livelihood of countless poor rural populations. Characterized by an array of techniques based on crop diversification and shifting land use, this cultivation system has on the utilization of forest decomposing vegetation´s energetic capital its main asset. Many studies claim that slash-and-burn agriculture is sustainable only when performed under conditions of low human demographic density and maintenance or even increase of local biodiversity. However, it is growing in the academic literature, as well as in development debates, the concern regarding the role that this system has been playing in the deforestation of the planet´s tropical forests. This process appears to be closely linked to changes in land use patterns (agricultural intensification) and urban and rural demographic growth. On the thread of these concerns, this article presents a critical review of the international and national academic literature on slash-and-burn agriculture. Thus, this review intend to draw a broad scenario of the current academic debate on this issue, as well as to identify the main alternatives strategies proposed to maintain or replace this cultivation system.

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Dynamics of soil physical properties under alternative systems to slash-and-burn

Cited by 96 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

A Review of Swidden Agriculture in Southeast Asia

A agricultura de corte e queima: um sistema em transformação

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