Doenças cardiovasculares ateroscleróticas, dislipidemias, hipertensão, obesidade e diabetes melito em população da área metropolitana da região Sudeste do Brasil: II - Dislipidemias

Abstract

This study has sought to characterize the prevalence of lipemic disorders and other risk factors of atheroschlerotic cardiovascular disease in population groups of Cotia county in Greater S. Paulo, Brazil. The population groups were defined on the basis of socio-economic characteristics and geographical location within the county such as provided elements for the delimitation of the "study areas". A sample representative of each of these areas was taken, constituting in all 1,041 individuals. The data related to eating habits were collected from a sub-sample of 568 people. The lipemic disorders diagnosed were as follows: high risk hypercholesterolemias with values approximately 240 mg/dl for total cholesterol and approximately 160 mg/dl for LDL-cholesterol; borderline risk hypercholesterolemias with values > 200 mg/dl and > 130 mg/dl for total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol respectively; hypertriglyceridemia, with values approximately 250 mg/dl. The following risk factors were included: atherogenic eating habits (consumption of proteins of animal origin, saturated fats and cholesterol), smoking, drinking, sedentary life style, obesity (IMC > 25 kg/m2), hypertension (140/90 mmHg) and diabetes mellitus (glycemia > 120 mg/dl). The results found were the following: 1--the average number of risk factors was significant by greater among men than among women, for the age groups below 50 years of age (p < 0.01): between 50 and 55 years of age they were equal for the two groups, reaching their greatest value at 60 years of age with a sharp reduction after this latter age as regard the men but presenting a constant gradual increase for the women; 2--the average number of risk factors increased with age for both sexes (p < 0.01); 3--the prevalences of high risk hypercholesterolemias together with hypertriglyceridemia (> = 250 mg/dl) were significantly greater in the classes of higher socio-economic level; 4--the lipemic profile associated with lipemic disorders show that these latter rarely occur with just one constituent in isolation; 5--when the high-risk hypercolesterolemias are added to the borderline cases accompanied by two or more risk factors and hypertriglyceridemia they give a total of 39.2% of men and 32.8% of women, that is to say, 35.4% of the sample need immediate clinical-educational intervention.

Fatores de risco para hipertensão arterial e diabete melito em trabalhadores de empresa metalúrgica e siderúrgica

“…The AH prevalence was lower than the prevalence observed in other studies 7,8 , but it is difficult to make this comparison because different criteria are used to define hypertension. DM prevalence was similar to the prevalence observed in the city of São Paulo, where 11.0% of men aged between 30 and 39, and 11.3% of men between 40 and 49 presented glycemia alterations 8 .…”

Hipertensão arterial no Brasil: estimativa de prevalência a partir de estudos de base populacional

“…No 13,14 Na Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro, foi realizado inquérito entre 1991 e 1992, envolvendo amostra probabilística composta por 1.500 adultos com idade igual ou maior a 20 anos. Foi feita amostragem estratificada por aglomerados, em três estágios: setor censitário; domicílio; e morador.…”

Perfil lipídico e estado nutricional de adolescentes

“…Conforme foi mencionado na introdução, a relação entre dislipidemia e obesidade é referida por diversos autores 4,24,25 . No presente estudo não houve registro de casos de obesidade; entretanto, a prevalência de sobrepeso encontrada foi de 14,4%.…”