Dissimilatory sulfate reduction in the intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria

Abstract

The study of the intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria, the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction and accumulation of hydrogen sulfide, as well as their role in the inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis, in animals and human have increasingly attracted the attention of scientists. New opportunities for studying inflammatory bowel disease and the assessment of the effectiveness of its treatment is an urgent problem of modern biology and medicine. In this review, brief characteristics of these bacteria and their mechanism of dissimilatory sulfate reduction were described based on modern literature data and own research. The characteristics of substrates for intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria and the thermodynamic properties of their electron donors were also described. Special attention was paid to the mechanism and stages of sulfate dissimilation including role of enzymes involved in this process. Based on our results, general scheme of dissimilatory sulfate reduction sho wing the activity of each enzyme of the process was demonstrated. The described physiological and biochemical parameters are important for a more detailed understanding of sulfate dissimilation in the human and animal bowel, as well as studying the mechanisms of action of the antimicrobial prophylactics and the therapy against specific components involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is also essential for understanding the mechanisms of bowel diseases and for evaluating the effectiveness of its therapy.

Kinetic properties of growth of intestinal sulphate-reducing bacteria isolated from healthy mice and mice with ulcerative colitis

“…It is believed that SRB can cause frequent defecation, weight loss, and increased intestinal permeability (Kushkevych 2016b). The species and quantitative composition of the SRB on the surface of the intestinal mucosa are different from those microorganisms in the lumen (Macfarlane et al 2000(Macfarlane et al , 2007Zinkevich et al 2000;Kushkevych 2015e).…”

“…The species and quantitative composition of the SRB on the surface of the intestinal mucosa are different from those microorganisms in the lumen (Macfarlane et al 2000(Macfarlane et al , 2007Zinkevich et al 2000;Kushkevych 2015e). Such genera of SRB, Desulfovibrio, Desulfomicrobium, Desulfobacter, Desulfobulbus, Desulfotomaculum, Lawsonia and Bilophila, are the most isolated from the intestines of healthy and ill humans and animals (Gibson et al 1991(Gibson et al , 1993Kushkevych 2016b).…”

Production of biogas: relationship between methanogenic and sulfate-reducing microorganisms

“…After thorough centrifugation, 200 μL of the supernatant was added to 15 μL of proteinase K, and 200 μL of buffer on many factors, including temperature, pH, substrate quality, composition of specific groups of microorganisms and their accumulation of the toxic metabolic products. One of such final products of sulfate-reducing bacteria metabolism is hydrogen sulfide produced in the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction [6,7,[20][21][22].…”

“…It is known that hydrogen sulfide is toxic for living organisms and can inhibit enzymes of different groups of microorganisms [6,20]. The sulfate-reducing bacteria can compete with the methanogens for substrate components, in this case for molecular hydrogen, and produce hydrogen sulfide in high concentration in bioreactors.…”

“…The sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are a heterogeneous group of microorganisms which use sulfate as an electron acceptor in the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction [35,36]. The final product of this process is hydrogen sulfide [6,20,22,37]. For sulfate reduction, SRB need exogenous electron donors, such as: organic compounds (e.g., lactate, propionate, butyrate, ethanol, etc.)…”