Disfluências e velocidade de fala em produção espontânea e em leitura oral em indivíduos gagos e não gagos

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate and characterize temporal parameters of speech in spontaneous situation and in oral reading in people who stutter and who do not stutter, and investigate the relation among these variables. Methods:Thirty participants aged between 17 and 59 years, with a minimum of 08 years of scholar education, constituted the Study Group, composed by 15 people who stutter and the Control Group with 15 people who did not stutter. Subjects on the Control and Study Group were matched by gender, age and education level. After anamnesis it was made: brief neuropsychological assessment, specific stuttering assessment and specific oral reading assessment. Disfluencies were analyzed and it was calculated speech rate on spontaneous production and oral reading. Results: There were more disfluencies in spontaneous speech than in text oral reading in both groups. As to speech rate, in the Control Group, pseudoword and text reading were positively correlated, and in the Study Group, all variables were positively correlated. Conclusion:Speech rate and disfluencies analysis characterized both groups, either in spontaneous speech and reading situations which evidenced performance profiles differentiated by speech rate, frequency and disfluency typology. Investigation showed that people who stutter present lower values of speech rate, as well as higher occurrence of disfluencies, either on spontaneous speech and oral reading, in comparison to people who do not stutter. neuropsicológica breve, específica da gagueira e específicas da leitura.As disfluências foram analisadas e calculou-se a velocidade da fala espontânea e na leitura oral. Resultados: Ocorreram mais disfluências na fala espontânea que na leitura oral de texto, em ambos os grupos. Em relação à velocidade, no Grupo Controle, a leitura de pseudopalavras e de texto correlacionaram-se positivamente e no Grupo Estudo, todas as variáveis correlacionaram-se positivamente. Conclusão: A análise da velocidade e das rupturas de fala caracterizou ambos os grupos, tanto em situação de fala espontânea, quanto na leitura que evidencia perfis de desempenho diferenciados pela velocidade de fala, frequência e tipologia das rupturas. A investigação demonstra que indivíduos gagos apresentaram valores mais baixos de velocidade, assim como maior ocorrência de disfluências, tanto na fala espontânea quanto na leitura oral, em comparação com indivíduos não gagos.

Fluência da leitura e da fala espontânea de escolares: estudo comparativo entre gagos e não gagos

“…This finding was already expected, given that these disfluencies occur in the speech of all speakers, whether presenting stuttering or not. Similar results were also found in the population of adults who stutter 13 . In spontaneous speech, there was increased frequency of word repetition in stuttering children, when compared to fluent ones.…”

“…The efficient and fluent reading is achieved through proper development of the phonological representations of words, in addition to the ability of processing them quickly and automatically, with minimal cognitive resources in decodification 13 . Oral reading fluency is regarded as a fundamental factor for an accurate and proficient reading 9 .…”

“…Researches on reading fluency indicate that people who stutter and who not stutter showed a reduction in the number of disruptions in the speech while reading, in relation to spontaneous speech 13 . This result can be explained by the fact that a decrease in demand of motor planning of speech occurs, because the messages, as well as prosodic markings are visible in the written text 14. Considering that: (1) oral reading is an activity that requires the use of the same praxis-motor speech mechanisms, and it may be impaired in classify stuttering as: mild, moderate, severe or very severe.…”

Efeito da retroalimentação auditiva atrasada na fala e leitura de taquifêmicos

“…The transcript size for the four samples collected was 200 fluent syllables. In the readings, a section was selected for each text, standardized, for analysis in all participants, as proposed by another study (27) . Subsequently, the speech sample was analyzed and the typology of disfluencies was characterized according to the following description (11) : -Common disfluencies: hesitations, interjections, revisions, unfinished words, segments repetition, words repetition and phrases repetition.…”

Comparação da leitura de escolares com gagueira em duas condições de escuta: habitual e atrasada

“…After collecting the spontaneous speech samples (to diagnose stuttering) and the readings tasks of the participants, they were transcribed (of 200 fluent syllables each sample), considering the fluent and not fluent syllables according to the following description [26][27][28] .…”