“Direct Dripping”: A High-Temperature, High-Formaldehyde Emission Electronic Cigarette Use Method

Abstract

Due to the higher temperatures attained, DDAs are inherently likely to produce high toxicant emissions. The diversity of ECIG use methods, including potential off-label methods, should be considered as ECIG regulatory efforts proceed.

Will chronic e-cigarette use cause lung disease?

“…Although the number of fires and explosions from E-Cig devices has increased since inception, interestingly, many of these instances occurred while the device was being charged and are still considered rare (https://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/ electronic_cigarettes.pdf). An additional, behavioral modification that has developed among E-Cig users is "dripping," which entails dripping e-liquid directly on the atomizer (i.e., the heating element) and inhaling the resultant vapor, which is supposed to give the largest amount of nicotine delivery possible with current E-Cig devices (146). Parameters of E-Cig emission, such as aerosol size, mass output, and chemical composition, vary by device and e-liquid types and are predicted to impact the user's exposure to the E-Cig aerosol.…”

E-Cigarettes and “Dripping” Among High-School Youth

“…Of concern, existing evidence, though limited, suggests that dripping e-liquids may lead to higher levels of nonnicotine toxicant emissions. 6 Our evidence suggests that male students, white students, those who had tried multiple tobacco products, and those who used e-cigarettes on more days in the past month were more likely to report using e-cigarettes for dripping behaviors. These results suggest that youth who use dripping may be those who are more familiar with and have experience with using multiple tobacco products, including e-cigarettes.…”

“…com/ art-dripguide-vaping/ ). Although there is no evidence on the prevalence rates or toxicity of this behavior among adults or youth, Talih et al 6 have shown that dripping e-liquids directly onto the e-cigarette atomizers could expose users to high temperatures and toxic chemicals such as aldehydes. Moreover, Kosmider et al 7 have shown that exposure of e-liquids to high temperatures results in significant increases in the levels of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the vapors.…”

Electronic Cigarette (E-Cigarette) Using: Toxicological Aspects

“…Some manufacturers have indicated that the chamber temperature is kept below 100°C, thus the toxic acrolein degradation caused by the high temperature is avoided (28). However, some studies have reported that the temperature exceeds 350°C when the solution in the cartridge is heated by the battery (8,48).…”

“…Besides acrolein, it is another important situation that formaldehyde which is a toxic compound due to high temperatures can form in e-cigarettes that are especially used directly with dripping technique (48). Diethylene glycol that is a toxic chemical used as an anti-freeze was identified in an e-cigarette sample investigated in a research conducted by the FDA (5).…”