Differential Proteomic Analysis of Anthers between Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Lines in Capsicum annuum L.

Abstract

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in the production of hybrid seeds, is a maternally inherited trait resulting in a failure to produce functional pollen. In order to identify some specific proteins associated with CMS in pepper, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied to proteomic analysis of anthers/buds between a CMS line (designated NA3) and its maintainer (designated NB3) in Capsicum annuum L. Thirty-three spots showed more than 1.5-fold in either CMS or its maintainer. Based on mass spectrometry, 27 spots representing 23 distinct proteins in these 33 spots were identified. Proteins down-regulated in CMS anthers/buds includes ATP synthase D chain, formate dehydrogenase, alpha-mannosidas, RuBisCO large subunit-binding protein subunit beta, chloroplast manganese stabilizing protein-II, glutathione S-transferase, adenosine kinase isoform 1T-like protein, putative DNA repair protein RAD23-4, putative caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase, glutamine synthetase (GS), annexin Cap32, glutelin, allene oxide cyclase, etc. In CMS anthers/buds, polyphenol oxidase, ATP synthase subunit beta, and actin are up-regulated. It was predicted that male sterility in NA3 might be related to energy metabolism turbulence, excessive ethylene synthesis, and suffocation of starch synthesis. The present study lays a foundation for future investigations of gene functions associated with pollen development and cytoplasmic male sterility, and explores the molecular mechanism of CMS in pepper.

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses of a New Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line with wild Gossypium bickii. Genetic Background

“…The differential proteomics was studied with the upland cotton cytoplasmic sterile line 104-7A, maintainer line, and restorer line by Xu Qi, and the result found that ATP synthase beta subunit was expressed only in the restorer line, while without expression in sterile and maintainer lines (33) . Wu et al ’s study found that ATP synthase D chain was down-regulated in Capsicum annuum L. CMS anthers, but ATP synthase beta subunit was up-regulated in the same material (34) . These results were not consistent with ours.…”

Proteomic alteration of a thermo‐sensitive male sterility SP2S in rapeseed (Brassica napus) in response to mild temperature stress

“…Wu et al. () and Yue et al. () also found the expression of some GS genes was downregulated in the male sterility in pepper and cotton.…”

“…These alterations indicated that the expression of TGMS might change the balance of amino acid metabolite. Wu et al (2013) and Yue et al (2014) also found the expression of some GS genes was downregulated in the male sterility in pepper and cotton.…”

“…Although the occurrence of male-sterile mutant is usually explained by dysfunction of some genes involved in pollen development, the microgametogenesis process is controlled by a coordinated protein network in both somatic and gametophytic cells. Thereafter, proteomic approach was used to exploit the key proteins in the microgametogenesis process in rice (Grobei et al 2009, Sun et al 2009), Capsicum annuum (Wu et al 2013), Gossypium hirsutum , Yue et al 2014, and rapeseed (Sheoran andSawhney 2010, Cheng et al 2013), but it was not yet conducted in rapeseed TGMS, which is a newly emergent male sterility type. SP2S is a novel TGMS line in Brassica napus developed by us from a spontaneous semisterile plant found in 2007.…”

Plant Mitochondrial Genome Evolution and Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

“…Most CMS-associated proteins possess transmembrane configurations capable of disrupting the mitochondrial membrane structure and/or altering the permeability and potential of mitochondrial membrane . These proteins can directly interfere with energy production (Jing et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2013c;Wu et al, 2013), induce the release of cytochrome C via accumulation of unusually large numbers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Yan et al, 2014), and stimulate premature programmed cell death in male reproductive tissues (Luo et al, 2013;Horn et al, 2014). Several CMS proteins have demonstrated toxicity, such as URF13 in CMS-T maize (Korth et al, 1991), ORFH79 in HL-CMS rice , Orf507 in CMS pepper , and ROS homeostasis associated protein in cotton .…”